Term
| Acceleration (m/s squared) = |
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Definition
change in velocity (m/s)
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time taken for change (s)
An Increase in the rate of speed |
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Definition
| Mass (kg) x gravitational field strength (N/kg) |
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Definition
| mass (kg) x acceleration (m/s²) |
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Term
| Moment (Nm) or Work done (J) = |
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Definition
| force applied (N) x distance moved in direction of force(m) |
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Definition
change in momentum [kg(m/s)]
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time taken for the change (s) |
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Term
| Potential difference (V) = |
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Definition
| Current (A) x resistance (Ω) |
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Term
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Definition
energy transferred (J)
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time (s) |
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Term
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Definition
| current (A) x potential difference (V) |
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Term
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Definition
| Potential difference (V) x Charge (C) |
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Definition
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Definition
| Scalar - A number with only magnitude, not direction. |
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Term
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Definition
Speed with direction
velocity (m/s) = acceleration (m/s2) x time (s) |
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Term
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Definition
Speed (m/s) = distance/time
Velocity (m/s) = acceleration (m/s2) x time (s) |
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Definition
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Definition
| Something moving when a force is applied |
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Definition
| The speed in which something changes |
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Term
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Definition
| Friction of air particles slowing something down |
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Term
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Definition
Balanced forces - When drag force and weight act equally on an object and have a net force of zero, so cancelling the other out
Constant speed when a falling object reaches a state which prevents further acceleration due to gravity and resistance.
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Term
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Definition
| A force in the opposite direction – resistance |
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Term
| Gravitational field strength |
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Definition
| A gravitational attraction between objects with mass, giving them weight (An object with mass and GFS, mass (kg) is just quantity of matter in it). A force of acceleration due to gravity. Earth’s GFS is 10N/Kg |
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Definition
m = f/a
mass = force (N)/acceleration (GFS is acceleration) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A net force – vector – produced when multiple forces act on an object |
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Term
| Work done or Energy Transfer |
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Definition
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Definition
| A violent explosion – energy is transferred outwards |
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Definition
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Definition
| Momentum (Kg m/s) = Mass (kg) x velocity(m/s) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| (Gravitational) Potential energy (J) |
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Definition
| Depends on mass and height above the Earth’s surface. A falling object transfers GPE to kinetic energy |
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Term
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Definition
| Time taken between stimulus and response |
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Term
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Definition
| Thinking distance + breaking distance |
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Term
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Definition
| Reaction time + time taken to think to press the breaks |
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Definition
| Distance car moves until the car stops |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Helium nuclei - Ionizing atoms – low penetrating power, not travelling far |
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Term
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Definition
| Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| The never changing microwave radiation from the Big Bang |
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Term
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Definition
| High energy electrons, high penetrating, stopped by aluminium |
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Term
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Definition
| Self-sustaining, spreading reaction – a series of events each caused by the previous one |
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Term
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Definition
| A process where heavier atoms split/ divide into multiple smaller atoms. A chain reaction - releasing masses of energy, absorbing neutrons. E.g. Uranium-235, Plutonium-239 |
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Term
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Definition
| Combining multiple smaller atoms to make larger atoms. Chain reaction – releasing masses of energy as nuclei combine. |
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Term
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Definition
| The flowing rate of electrical charge |
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Term
| What factors affect the stopping distance of a vehicle |
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Definition
Tiredness, alcohol and drugs
The faster the vehicle is travelling
The heavier the vehicle
In adverse weather conditions
Poorly maintained vehicles |
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Term
| What is the constant acceleration of a freely falling object |
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Definition
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Term
What does this graph show?
[image] |
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Definition
| The resistance of an ohmic conductor (eg. a wire) |
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Term
What does this graph show:
[image] |
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Definition
| Filament lamp - The filament lamp doesnot follow Ohm's Law. The resistance of a filament lamp increases as the temperature of its filament increases. As a result, the current flowing through a filament lamp is not directly proportional to the voltage across it. This is the graph of current against voltage for a filament lamp. |
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Term
What does this graph show:
[image] |
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Definition
| Diode - In the 'forward' direction, the line curves towards the current axis. So the current is not directly proportional to the potential difference. A diode is not an ohmic conductor. In the reverse direction, the current is negligible so its resistance in the reverse direction is much higher than in the forward direction. |
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Term
| How is current calculated in a series circuit? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is potential difference calculated in a series circuit? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is resistance calculated in a series circuit? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the total current calculated in a parallel circuit? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the total potential difference calculated in a parralel circuit? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the total resistance found in a parallel circuit? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Resistor - a fixed resistor limits the current in a circuit |
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Term
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Definition
| A variable resistor allows the current to be varied |
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Term
| How is an ammeter connected to a circuit? |
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Definition
| It is connected in series with the component which needs to be measured. |
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Term
| How is a volt meter connected to a circuit? |
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Definition
| It is connected in parallel with he components which need to be measured. |
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Term
| How is resistance calculated? |
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Definition
Potential difference (volts)
Current (amperes) |
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Term
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Definition
| The current through a resistor at constant temperature is directly proportional to the potential difference across the resistor |
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Term
| What is an ohmic conductor? |
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Definition
| A conductor that has a constant resistance and therefore obeys Ohm's law |
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Term
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Definition
| Limits the current in a circuit |
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