Term
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Definition
| Official endorsement of a candidate for office by a political party |
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Term
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Definition
| Master game plan candidates lay out to guide their electoral campaign |
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Term
| What are the 3 things that ensure a successful nomination (3 "m's")? |
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Definition
1. Momentum
2. Media attention
3. Money |
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Term
| National Party Convention |
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Definition
| Supreme power within each party that meets every 4 years to nominate the party's presidential and VP candidates |
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Term
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Definition
| Meeting of all state party leaders for selecting delegates to the national party convention |
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Term
| How are caucuses organized? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which state holds America's first caucuses? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Elections in which voters in a state vote for a candidate; most delegates to the national party convention are chosen this way |
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Term
| When was the presidential primary promoted? |
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Definition
| At turn of the century when reformers wanted to take party nominations out of the hands of party bosses; they increased after the Democrat's disastrous 1968 convention |
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Term
| McGovern-Fraser Commission |
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Definition
| Formed at the 1968 Democratic convention in response to demands for reform by minority groups and others who sought better representation |
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Term
| What was the result of the creation of the McGovern-Fraser Commission? |
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Definition
| Party leaders could no longer handpick convention delegates in secret |
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Term
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Definition
| National party leaders who automatically get a delegate slot at the Democratic national party convention |
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Term
| Which state holds the first primaries? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Recent tendency of states to hold their primaries early in the year to capitalize on media attention |
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Term
| Democrats use ______________ in determining candidate delegates. |
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Definition
| proportional representation |
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Term
| What are the 5 main criticisms of the primary and caucus system? |
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Definition
1. Disproportionate attention goes to early caucuses and primaries
2. Require huge time commitment
3. Money plays too big a role
4. Participation is low and unrepresentative
5. Gives too much power to media |
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Term
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Definition
| Proposal by critics of primaries/caucuses that suggests a nationwide primary held early in the year |
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Term
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Definition
| Proposal by critics of primaries/caucuses that suggests a series of primaries held in each geographical region |
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Term
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Definition
| Political party's statement of its goals and policies for the next 4 years |
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Term
| What occurs during party conventions? |
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Definition
| Day... 1) keynote speech, 2) writing of party platform, 3) formally nominating presidential candidate, 4) VP chosen |
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Term
| What is the biggest factor in campaigns? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| High-tech method of raising money for a political cause or candidate which involves sending forms for money to people whose names appear on lists of those who have supported similar views/candidates in the past |
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Term
| How is media coverage determined? |
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Definition
1. How candidates use their budget
2. Free attention they get as news makers |
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Term
| 63% of media coverage deals with the __________, instead of actual policy issues. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 10 things candidates do to organize their campaigns? |
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Definition
1. Getting a manager
2. Fund-raising
3. Getting a campaign counsel
4. Hiring media consultants
5. Assembling a staff
6. Planning logistics
7. Getting a research staff/policy advisers
8. Hiring a pollster
9. Getting a press secretary
10. Establishing a website |
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Term
| What does the campaign manager do? |
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Definition
| Organize day-to-day activities |
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Term
| What does the campaign counsel do? |
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Definition
| Provides legal assistance to ensure compliance with federal financing laws |
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Term
| What does the campaign staff do? |
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Definition
| Coordinate volunteers: lick stamps, ring doorbells, make phone calls, etc. |
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Term
| What does the press secretary do? |
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Definition
| Provide media with latest news |
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Term
| What were the two public interest lobbies that pushed for campaign financing reform? |
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Definition
1. Common Cause
2. National Committee for an Effective Congress |
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Term
| In 1974, Congress passed the ___________ to reform campaign finances. |
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Definition
| Federal Election Campaign Act |
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Term
| Federal Election Campaign Act |
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Definition
| Created Federal Election Commission, provided public financing for presidential primaries and general elections, limited campaign spending, required disclosure, and limited contributions |
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Term
| Federal Election Commission (FEC) |
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Definition
| Bipartisan agency that administers/enforces campaign finance laws |
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Term
| Presidential Election Campaign Fund (PECF) |
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Definition
| Money from federal income taxes are distributed to qualified candidates for campaigning |
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Term
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Definition
| Candidates who raise $5,000 in at least 20 states can receive contributions of $250 from the PECF, so long as they agree to meet various conditions, like limited spending |
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Term
| Who was the first president to not accept matching funds? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the first president to decline the offer of $85 million in federal funds, choosing instead to raise his own money? |
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Definition
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Term
| In Bucklety v. Valeo, the part of the Federal Election Campaign Act that limited how much people could contribute to their own campaigns was struck down as a violation of _________. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Political contributions raised at a grass-roots level for generic party advertising; not subject to contribution limits until McCain-Feingold Act. |
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Term
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Definition
| Independent groups that seek to influence policy but are not subject to contribution limits because they do not seek directly the election of particular candidates |
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Term
| Political Action Committees (PAC) |
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Definition
| An interest group can create a PAC and register it with the FEC to help campaign finance reforms |
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Term
| What are 3 factors that weaken campaign's impact on voters? |
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Definition
1. Most people pay little attention to campaigns
2. Party identification
3. Incumbents (previous officeholders) have advantage |
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Term
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Definition
| People pay attention to things they already agree with and interpret them according to their own predispositions |
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