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P&C5_Ch01
Pierce & Cheney 5th edition Chapter 1
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
07/30/2017

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Term
Applied behavior analysis
Definition
The use of behavior principles to solve practical problems
Term
Behavior
Definition
Everything an organism does including private and covert actions like thinking and feeling
Term
Behavior analysis
Definition
A comprehensive natural science approach to studying the behavior of organisms
Term
Behavior analysts
Definition
People who are researchers or practitioners of behavior analysis.
Term
Behavioral neuroscience
Definition
The integration of the science of behavior with neuroscience
Term
Behaviorism
Definition
Behavior is due to an interaction between genetic influence and environmental experience
Term
Conditioned reflex
Definition
a learned relationship between a stimulus that reliably elicits a response that results from a contingency between that stimulus and one that already reliably elicits a response
Term
Conditioning
Definition
When an organism learns new ways of behaving in reaction to environmental changes
Term
Contingency
Definition
dependancy between events; "if-then" relationship between events
Term
Correlation
Definition
association or covariation between events (that may or may not be contingent)
Term
Culture
Definition
The conditions, events, and stimuli arranged by other people that regulate human action
Term
Differential reinforcement
Definition
When behaviors with certain characteristics are reinforced and others are not
Term
Immediate causation
Definition
Immediately producing or resulting in the occurrence
Term
Law of Effect
Definition
The idea that behaviors become stronger and weaker based on consequences; put forth by E.L. Thorndike
Term
Learning
Definition
The acquisition; maintenance; and change of an organism's behavior as a result of lifetime events
Term
Neural basis of reward
Definition
The interrelationship of the endogenous opiate and dopamine systems
Term
Neuroplasticity
Definition
Changes in the interconnections of neurons due to experience
Term
Operant
Definition
A behavior that operates on the environment to produce a change, effect, or consequence.
Term
Operant conditioning
Definition
A change in operant response as a function of consequences
Term
Private behavior
Definition
Behavior only accessible to the person doing it
Term
Reinforcement
Definition
An increase in the rate of operant behavior as a function of its consequences.
Term
Remote causation
Definition
Explaining a phenomenon by pointing to remote events that make it likely
Term
Respondent
Definition
A behavior that is reliably elicited by a stimulus; an unconditioned or conditioned response
Term
Respondent conditioning
Definition
When a contingency between a stimulus that already reliably elicits a response and some other stimulus results in the other stimulus reliably eliciting some new response
Term
Science of behavior
Definition
Experimental analysis that includes assumptions about how to study behavior, techniques, and practical implications
Term
Selection by consequences
Definition
Applies at three levels: natural selection, selection by operant conditioning, and cultural selection
Term
The Experimental analysis of behavior
Definition
Using experimentation to break down environment-behavior relations into principles of behavior
Term
The Principle of discrimination
Definition
An organism will respond differently to different situations
Term
Trial-and-error learning
Definition
Term used by Thorndike to describe behavior in his puzzle-box experiments
Term
Unconditioned reflex
Definition
The unlearned relation between a biologically relevant stimulus and the behavior it elicits
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