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Oxygenation Terms
Week 7 Chapter 50 Definitions
48
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
10/01/2012

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Term
adventitious breath sounds
Definition
abnormal breath sounds
Term
apnea
Definition
absence of any breathing
Term
atelectasis
Definition
collapse of the air sacs
Term
bot's (cluster) respirations
Definition
shallow breaths interupted by apnea
Term
bradypnea
Definition
abnormally slow respiratory rate; usually less than 10 repirations per minute
Term
cheyne-stokes respirations
Definition
rhythmic waxing and waning of respirations from very deep breathing to very shallow breathing with periods of temporary apnea, often associated with cardiac failure, increased intracranial pressure or brain damage
Term
cyanosis
Definition
a bluish tinge of skin color
Term
diffusion
Definition
the mixing of molecules or ions of two or more subtances as a result of random motion
Term
dyspnea
Definition
difficult or labored breathing
Term
emphysema
Definition
a chronic pulmonary condition in which the alveoli are dialated or distended
Term
erythrocytes
Definition
red blood cells, or rbcs
Term
eupnea
Definition
normal, quiet breathing
Term
expectorate
Definition
spit out
Term
hematocrit
Definition
the proportion of erythrocytes to the total blood volume
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
the red pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen
Term
hemothorax
Definition
the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity
Term
humidifier
Definition
a device that adds water vapor to inspired air
Term
hypercapnia
Definition
a condition in which carbon dioxide accumulates in the blood
Term
hyperinflation
Definition
giving the client breaths that are greater than the client's normal tidal volume set on the ventilator through the ventilator circuit or via a manual resuscitation bag
Term
hyperoxygenation
Definition
increasing the oxygen flow before suctioning and between sunction attempts to avoid suction-related hypoxemia
Term
hyperventilation
Definition
very deep, rapid respirations
Term
hypoxemia
Definition
low partial pressure of oxygen or low saturation of oxyhemoglobin in the arterial blood
Term
hypoxia
Definition
insufficient oxygen anywhere in the body
Term
incentive spirometers
Definition
a device that measures the flow of air inhaled through a mouthpiece
Term
intrapleural pressure
Definition
pressure in the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs
Term
intrapulmonry pressure
Definition
pressure inside the lungs
Term
kussmaul's breathing
Definition
hyperventilation that accompanies metabolic acidosis in which the body attempts to compensate by blowing off carbon dioxide through deep and rapid breathing
Term
lung compliance
Definition
expansibility of the lung
Term
lung recoil
Definition
the tendency of lungs to collapse away from the chest wall
Term
orthopnea
Definition
ability to breathe only when in an upright position
Term
oxyhemoglobin
Definition
the compound of oxygen and hemoglobin
Term
partial pressure
Definition
the pressure exerted by each individual gas in a mixutre according to its percentage concentration in the mixture
Term
pneumothorax
Definition
accumulation of air in the pleural space
Term
postural drainage
Definition
positioning of a client to allow the drainage, by gravity, of secretions from lungs
Term
respiratory membrane
Definition
where gas exchange occurs between the air on the alveolar side and the blood on the capillary side; the alveolar and capillary walls form the rspiratory membrane
Term
sputum
Definition
the mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi and trachea
Term
stridor
Definition
harsh, crowing sound made on inhalation caused by constriction of the upper airway
Term
suctioning
Definition
the aspiration of secretions through a catheter connected to a suction machine or wall suction outlet
Term
surfactant
Definition
a mixture of phospholipids secreted by alveolar cells into the alveoli and respiratory air passages that reduces the surface tension of pulmonary fluids and thus contributes to the elastic properties of pulmonary tissue
Term
tachypnea
Definition
abnormally fast respirations; usually more than 24 respirations per minute
Term
tidal volume
Definition
the volume of air that is normally inhaled and exhaled
Term
torr
Definition
millimeters of mercury
Term
vibration
Definition
a sries of vigorous quiverings produced by hands that are placed flat against the chest wall to loosen thick secretions
Term
mucus clearance device (mcd)
Definition
used for clients with excessive secretions
Term
noninvasive ventilation
Definition
delivery of air or oxygen under pressure without the need for an invasive tube
Term
pleral effusion
Definition
excessive fluid in the pleural sac
Term
Hgb (hemoglobin) levels
Definition

females 12-16 g/dL

males 14-18 g/dL

Term
hematocrit (hct)
Definition

females 37-50%

males 40-54%

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