Term
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Definition
LEO
loss of one or more electrons
For example:
Mg(s)+1/2O2(g) goes to MgO(s)
The magnesium ions was oxidized because it went from the atom for to the ion form of plus 2. |
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Term
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Definition
GER
gain of one of more electrons
for example
Mg(s) + 1/2O2 goes to MgO(s)
The oxygen was reduced because it went from the oxygen gas atom to the oxide ion of -2 |
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Term
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Definition
1. for simple compounds between two elements, each oxidation number is the same as the ion for the element in the compound
2. for covalent compounds, assume the compound is ionic
3. the sum of all the oxidation numbers is zero or equal to the charge of the ion
4. elements in their pure form have an oxidation of zero
5. oxygen= -2
hydrogen= +1 |
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Term
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Definition
the same element can be both oxidized and reduced in the same reaction
For example: Cl2(g)+H2O(l) goes to HCl(aq)+ HClO (aq) |
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Term
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Definition
| substances that are reduced and can readily gain electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| these are oxidized and readily give up electrons |
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Term
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Definition
if an element is above another element in the reactivity series, then that element is more reactive
it can also determine how spontaneous a reaction is |
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Term
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Definition
spontaneous reaction
simplest form is with a metal in a solution of its ions
salt bridge is used to prevent a charge build up
1.01x10^5 Pa pressure, 298K, 1M aqueous solution
flow of electrons is always from the negative to the positive |
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Term
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Definition
AN OX
oxidation occurs at the negative electrode |
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Term
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Definition
RED CAT
reduction occurs at the positive electrode |
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Term
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Definition
| the standard hydrogen cell is used as the reference half- cell |
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Term
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Definition
makes a non-spontaneous reaction occur with an external source of power(electrolyte)
signified by molten of aqueous solution |
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Term
| electrolysis in an aqueous solution |
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Definition
in any aqueous solution, there will also be hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions present as well as the ions of the electrolyte
in some cases the electrodes that do not normally react, will react in this case |
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