Term
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Definition
Low Flow
Flow:1/4-8L/min (adults)
< or = 2 L/min (infants)
FIO2 range: 24-40%
FIO2 Stability: Variable
Advantages: Use on adults, children, infants, easy to use; disposable; low cost; well tolerated
Disadvantages: Unstable, easily dislodged; high flow uncomfortable; can cause dryness, bleeding' polyps; deviated septum and mouth breathing may reduce FIO2
Best Use: Patient in stable condition who needs low FIO2; home care patient who needs long term therapy, low to moderate FIO2 while eating |
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Term
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Definition
Low Flow
Flow:1/4-8L/min
FIO2 Range: 22-45%
FIO2 Stability: Variable
Advantages: Use on adults, children, infants; good stability; disposable; low cost
Disadvantages: Difficult to insert; high flow increases back pressure; needs regular changing; polups, deviated septum may block insertion; may provoke gagging, air swallowing, aspiration
Best Use: Procedures in which cannula is difficult to use (bronchoscopy); long-term care of infants |
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Term
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Definition
Low Flow
Flow:1/4-4L/min
FIO2 range: 22-35%
FIO2 Stability: Variable
Advantages: Lower O2 use and cost; eliminates nasal and skin irritation; improved compliance; increased exercise tolerance; increased mobility; enhanced image
Disadvantages: High cost; surgical complications; infection; mucus plugging; lost tract
Best Use: Home care or ambulatory patients who need increased mobility or do not accept nasal oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
Low Flow
Flow: 1/4-4L/min
FIO2 Range: 22-35%
FIO2 Stability; Variable
Advantages: Lower O2 use and cost; increased mobility; less discomfort because of lower flow
Disadvantages; Unattractive, cumbersome; poor compliance; must be regularly replaced; breathing pattern affects performance
Best Use: Home care or ambulatory patients who need increased mobility |
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Term
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Definition
Low Flow
Flow: 5-10L/min
FIO2 Range: 35-50%
FIO2 Stability: Variable
Advantages: Use on adults, children, infants; quick, easy to apply; disposable, inexpensive
Disadvantages: Uncomfortable; must be removed for eating; prevents radiant heat loss; blocks vomitus in unconcious patients
Best Use; Emergencies, short-term therapy requiring moderate FIO2 mouth breathing patients requiring moderate FIO2 |
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Term
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Definition
Low Flow
Flow: Minimum of 10L/min (prevent bag collapse on inspiration)
FIO2 Range: 40-70%
FIO2 Stability: Variable
Advantages; Same as simple mask; moderate to high FIO2
Disadvantages: Same as simple mask; potential suffocation hazard
Best Use: Emergencies, short-term therapy requiring moderate to high FIO2 |
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Term
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Definition
Low Flow
Flow: Minimum of 10L/min (prevent bag collapse on inspiration)
FIO2 Range: 60-80%
FIO2 Stability: Variable
Advantages: Same as simple mask; high FIO2
Disadvantages: Same as simple mask; potential suffocation hazard
Best Use: Emergencies, short-term therapy requiring high FIO2 |
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Term
| Nonrebreathing Circuit (Closed) |
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Definition
Low Flow
Flow: 3xVe (prevent bag collapse on inspiration)
FIO2 Range: 21-100%
FIO2 Stability: Fixed
Advantages: Full Range of FIO2
Disadvantages: Potential suffocation hazard; requires 50 psi air/O2; blender failure common
Best Use: Patients who need precise FIO2 at any leve (21-100%) |
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