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| the study of humankind as viewed from the perspective of all people and all times |
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| the study of present day societies or cultures |
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| the study of past human societies through environment and material remains and objects, or artifacts; the study of the processes behind past human behaviors |
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| the study of the construction and use of language by human societies |
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| physical (biological) anthropology |
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| the study of all aspects of present and past human biology; the study of the evolution of and variation among human beings and their living and past relatives |
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| a learned behavior that is transmitted from person to person |
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| material objects from past cultures |
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| a set of written or spoken symbols that refer to things (people, places, concepts, etc.) other than themselves |
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| the science of investigating language's social contexts; a subfield of linguistic anthropology |
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| the scientific study of the interrelationship between what humans have inherited genetically and culture |
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| a group of extinct and living bipedal primates in the family Hominidae; includes all humanlike beings that postdate the split between the evolutionary lineage that led to modern humans (Homo) and the lineage that led to living chimpanzees (Pan) |
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| a group of mammals in the order Primates that have complex behavior, varied forms of locomotion, and a unique suite of traits, including larger brains, forward-facing eyes, fingernails, and reduced snouts |
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| an upper canine that, as part of a nonhoning chewing mechanism, is not sharpened against the lower third premolar |
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| the part of culture that is expressed as objects that humans use to manipulate environments |
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| evidence gathered to help answer questions, solve problems, and fill gaps in scientific knowledge |
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| testable statements that potentially explain specific phenomena observed in the natural world |
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| an empirical research method in which data is gathered from observations of phenomena,hypotheses are formulated and tested, and conclusions are drawn that validate or modify the original hypotheses |
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| verified through observation and experiment |
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| a set of hypotheses that have been rigorously tested and validated, leading to their establishment as a generally accepted explanation of specific phenomena |
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| pertaining to an organism's physical structure |
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| tree-dwelling; adapted to living in the trees |
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| physical shape and appearance |
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| a theory that becomes absolutely true |
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