Term
Otoacoustic Emissions:
-Checks ___ hair cells
-___ measure
-Stimulated through ___ pathway
-Physiologic measures: ABR, tympanometry, acoustic reflexes...any objective measure-have to have a normal ___ ear function in order to obtain these (except ABR)-___ patient-can be done on anyone who is sedated, intoxicated, in a coma etc. |
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Definition
| inner; Physiologic; acoustic; middle; cooperative |
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Term
| ABR doesn't truly test your ___ (good neural syncrity)-non of these tests do |
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Definition
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Term
Sounds that result from energy generated in
the cochlea that are propagated through the
middle ear and into the ear canal |
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Definition
| Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) |
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Term
-OAEs are a __-___ phenomenon (happens within the cochlea)
-Can be measured even when ___ nerve is severed
-Unaffected by stimulus ___
-___ reverses when stimulus polarity reversed
-Vulnerable to ___ ___, hypoxia, ___ ___ (Damage shows up in the ___ HC first and then in the ___ HC; vulnerable to ___ deprivation) |
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Definition
pre-neural; eighth; rate; Polarity; acoustic trauma; otoxic
medications; outer; inner; oxygen |
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Term
-___ ___ of OHCs-what causes the response we can measure
-Nonlinear mechanics of the OHC stereocilia bundle-It's the steriocilia ___ that actually give us the response |
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Definition
| Somatic motility; bending |
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Term
Generation Mechanisms:
-Nonlinear ___ distortion within the cochlea, resulting from OHC movement
-___ emissions
-What we measure is thought to be a ___ of energy from both |
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Definition
| electromechanical; Reflection; combination |
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Term
Types of OAEs:
-___-No stimulus-some people will still elicit a response
-___-___: you use a single frequency to elicit a response; mainly used for research
-___ ___-Used in clinic; short term stimulus; more general, shorter frequency range
-___ ___-used in clinic; 2 different frequencies to elicit a 3rd frequency |
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Definition
| Spontaneous; Stimulus-Frequency; Transient Evoked; Distortion Product |
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Term
Spontaneous:
-Measured in absence of ___ stimulation
-Measured in approximately __% of normal
hearing children and adults
-Not useful ___ since only measurable in
approximately 50% of those with normal
hearing
-Used in ___; not clinically used; doesn't give us ___ info |
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Definition
| external; 50; clinically; research; diagnostic |
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Term
Stimulus Frequency:
-Occur at same frequency as ___ applied
to ear
-Used to examine cochlear ___, cochlear ___, ___ auditory system
-Not used ___ at this time |
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Definition
| puretone; function; tuning; efferent; clinically |
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Term
Transient Evoked:
-First type reported in literature
-Measured following presentation of ___
or ___ signal
-___ or ___ presented to ear, response
occurs shortly thereafter
-Uses time-___ averaging
-First few milliseconds of recording discarded
due to stimulus ___ |
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Definition
| transient; brief; Click; toneburst; synchronous; artifact |
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Term
DPOAEs:
-Measured ___ with presentation of
two puretone stimuli
-Frequencies of primaries are designated as ___
and ___
-Levels of f1 and f2 are labeled as L1 and L2
-F1 and F2 are frequencies but they vary depending on what ___ you are measuring |
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Definition
| simultaneously; f1; f2; frequency |
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Term
Parameters:
-f2/f1 ratio of ___ (usually default setting)
-Used because when averaged across ___ people, largest DPOAE levels obtained
-Individual responses may be ___ with different f2/f1 ratio
-Settings for L1 and L2 are optimal when L2 is
___ to ___ dB less than L1 (example 65/55) |
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Definition
| 1.2; many; greater; 10 to 15 |
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Term
Characteristics of DPOAEs:
-___ in infancy compared to adulthood, but no age specific norms
-Differences may be related to anatomical changes in ___ or ___ ear that occur with development
-Aging studies frequently compounded by ___ ___ |
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Definition
| Larger; outer; middle; hearing loss |
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Term
Clinical Application:
-Need to assess ___ ear before interpreting
-Does not ___ normal hearing from hearing loss groups perfectly
-Good seal is needed to lower ___ ___
-Negative middle ear pressure may only reduce emissions in frequencies below ___ Hz
-can't declare that there is normal ME function without both ___ and ___ |
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Definition
| middle; separate; noise floor; 1000; tympanometry; reflexes |
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Term
TEOAEs:
-Ability to separate normal and hearing impaired ears is ___
-Frequency range ___-___ Hz
-Signal level ___-___ dB peSPL
-pe=___
-Needs to be set to newborn when you are testing a newborn or you could get ___ |
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Definition
| good; 500-4000; 30-90; peak; artifact |
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Term
DPOAEs:
-Frequency range ___-___ Hz
-Signal level ___-___ dB SPL |
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Definition
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Term
Analysis:
-Analyze by frequency as:
○ ___
○ Present but ___ or ___
○ ___
-Present within ___% confidence interval (varies based on equipment and settings)
-At least __ dB between signal and noise floor |
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Definition
| Normal; abnormal; reduced; Absent; 95; 6 |
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