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OTC Philosophy final
PHL 101 final study guide
57
Philosophy
Undergraduate 1
12/10/2013

Additional Philosophy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
John Locke
Definition
all knowledge comes from senses through experience
Term
Kant
Definition
Knowledge innate and emperical 
Term
Plato
Definition
dualism of two worlds. Wrote for Socrates
Term
Descartes
Definition
Knowledge is rational
Term
Socratic Method
Definition
Dialogue of questions and answers
Term
Determination
Definition
freedom is an illusion
Term
Bad faith
Definition
believing there is no free will
Term
Empiricism
Definition
learning through experience
Term
Innate/Rationalism
Definition
Knowledge/ideas we are born with
Term
Golden Mean
Definition
Everything in moderation
Term
Posteriori
Definition
Emperical
Term
free Will/Libertarianism
Definition
Make choices that arent determined
Term
Hume
Definition
Common sense can be questioned
Term
Aristotle
Definition
emperical knowledge based on 5 senses
Term
Socrates
Definition
father of western philosophy
Term
Holbach
Definition
no free will
Term
Priori
Definition
rational/innate
Term
Categorical Imperative (IK)
Definition
any decision must have been thought out
Term
Good Will
Definition
Intention is what matters
Term
Deontology
Definition
What we ought/should do
Term
Consequentialism
Definition
Ends justify the meanas
Term
JSM Criticims (Rule Utilitarianism)
Definition

1.) Higher and lower pleasures arent universal

2.) "rule" may noy solve conflict if 2 vaild cases

3.) having "rule" doesnt look at intentions 

Term
JB Criticism (Utilitarianism)
Definition

1) What makes action pleasureable/painful

2) Can be used to support methical acts

3) Intentions never considered

Term
utilitarianism
Definition
Seeking greatest amount of goof for greatest number of people
Term
Rule utilitarianism
Definition
If everyone follow a series of rules, it will create greatest amount of good for greatest #
Term
Bourgeois
Definition
Own means of production
Term
Proletariat
Definition
Workers
Term
karl marx
Definition
Communism
Term
Higher vs Lower Pressures
Definition
quality vs quanity
Term

Categorical Imperative

Step One

Definition
Decisions set to the max
Term

Categorical Imperative

Step Two

Definition
Dont use others as a means to an end
Term

Categorical Imperative

Step Three

Definition
If a decision is one you/other would want to make for now and eterity, then do so.
Term
Omnisient
Definition
ALL KNOWING
Term
Omnipotent
Definition
All powerful
Term
omnibeneuolent
Definition
all loving
Term
Pascal
Definition
Better to believe in Gods existence than to deny it
Term
Aquinas
Definition
proving existence of God. Why? God is ultimate cause
Term
Hick
Definition

Free will and being independent.

perfect world is one without evil 

Term
Theodicy
Definition
Righteousness leads to free will and being independent
Term
Altrusim
Definition

Looking out for tohers

How we want to see ourselves 

Term
Ethical Relativity
Definition
what is ethical for one culture, may not be for another
Term
Soft universalism
Definition
Universal moral thoughts, but cannot always be expressed
Term
Hard universalsim
Definition
Right and wrong for all cultures
Term
Psychological Egoism
Definition
Humans are naturally selfish
Term
Ethical Egoism
Definition
Humans choose to be selfish
Term
James Rachels
Definition

Humans arent always selfish

 

Term
Ruth Benedict
Definition

Ethics are relative 

-changes based on culture 

Term
Feuerbach
Definition

Religion is an anthropormorphism

-giving traits to human entities 

Term
William James
Definition
free choice is basics of belief
Term
Sarte
Definition
Man is determined to be free
Term
Folk Psychology
Definition
Old ideas that held to be true, but not accurate
Term
Nietzsche
Definition

God is dead

He never existed, we created to explain unknown 

 

Term
Paul Churchland
Definition

Folk psychology

How we should look at things based on how brain works

Term
Ring Of Gyges
Definition

Plato's mentioned artifact

invisiable at will

Term
Analytic Knowledge
Definition
 true by virtue of their meaning
Term
Synthetic Knowledge
Definition
true by how their meaning relates to the world
Term
Cosmological Argument
Definition
The basic premise of all of these is that something caused or continuously causes the Universe to exist, and this First Cause is what we call God
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