• psychoanalytic theory
• Freud
• id/superego/ego
• memory perception, reality testing, defense mechanisms, symbols
• relationships w. objects in environment 

• Erikson, Gesell, Piaget, Haverstein*
• must master each stage of dev.
• problems occur when faulty development/faulty learning occurs
• lags in dev. can be corrected thru tx.; can get thru dev. sequence

• Pavlov, Skinner
• all behavior is learned.
• consequences of behavior
• care and CONSISTENT reward of desired beh. (or use of punishment)

Cognitive-Behavioral Theory

(CBT)

• Aaron Beck
• human beh based on what we think and believe.
• maladaptive patterns of thinking
• change thinking = change beh.
• assumptions, attributions, cognitions

Client-center theory

(humanistic)

• Carl Rogers
• "non-judgmental; hope"
• each person has potential to control/direct their own growth and dev.
• probs occur when person is unaware of feeling/choices
• warm, empathetic surrounding
• "must preserve self-esteem and personal value"
• "unconditional positive regard"
• "therapist who accepts the client as the client wishes to be accepted"
• "minimal response, 'so i hear you saying...'
• make consumers responseible for their choices, blunt e.g. AA

• functioning in the envrionment of one's choice is possible for everyone
• to function, must possess skills and resources
• absense of skills/resources can limit functioning
• skills can be strengthened with practice
• hope for the future

• biochemical electrical activity in the brain
• defect in anatomy or imbalance of elec/chem funct. in brain cause mental illness
• drugs, surgery
• brain-based MI vs. learned thoughts/beh. MI

Development of Adaptive Skills

(role acquision/social skills training)

• Anne Cronin Mosey
• "recapitulation of ontogenesis" i.e. stage by stage repeating of dev./sequence
• 6 areas of adaptive skills/stages of dev. pp.56-57
• *intrinsic motivation*- critical! motivation of pt. must be engaged for dev. to occur
• role acquisition

MOHO

model of human occupation

• Gary Kielhofner
• humans natural tendency to interact with environ.
• explore and master
• humans = open systems
• human action in environ. = "human occupation"
• human occupation: volition (motivation) + habituation (habits, e.g. ADLs, iADLs) + performance

SI

(Sensory Integration)

• Sensory processing and integration are prerequisites for func. in daily life
• feel and behave different if problems in sens. system
• 5 primary senses + the "sensory system (3)"
• 3 sensory systems: 1. proprioceptive  2. tactile 3. vestibular
• sensory system foundation is critical; base of all other sensory functioning! 

• Claudia Allen
• ADAPTATION theory!
• pts. have maxed ability to problem-solve
• our ability to problem-solve thru-out the day varies
• use adaptations to still be functional, for example, labeling things
• *take the problem solving out of activities as much as possible*
• problem-solving disability*
• *problem-solving is only a real factor in NEW learning (once memorized, its in kinesthetic memory)

1. automatic actions
2. postural actions
3. manual actions
4. goal-directed actions
5. exploratory actions
6. planned actions