Term
| Anatomy of the Rotator Cuff |
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Definition
• Supraspinatus
• Infraspinatus
• Teres Minor
• Subscapularis |
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Term
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Definition
- Performs shoulder abduction.
- activity during external rotation.
- Most commonly injured rotator cuff muscle.
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Term
Symptoms of Rotator Cuff Pathology
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Definition
- Pain
- Weakness
- Stiffness
- Limited occupational performance
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Term
| Mechanisms of Injury for RTC |
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Definition
Acute traumatic Injuries
Repetitive Overuse Injuries |
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Term
| Acute Traumatic Injuries of RTC |
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Definition
Not as common.
Can result in partial or complete tear. |
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Term
| Repetitive Overusue Injuries of RTC |
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Definition
-Primary Impingement Syndrome
-Secondary Impingement Syndrome |
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Term
| Primary Impingement Syndrome Causes: |
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Definition
- Excessive repetitive overehad activities.
- Static above shoulder level posture.
- Shape of the acromion
- Age and blood supply (Critical zone)
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Term
| Shapes of Acromion resulting in primary impingement syndrome |
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Definition
Type I: has flat undersurface and no relationship to impingement
Type II: curved undersurface (partial thickness tears)
Type III: hooked (full thinckness tears) |
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Term
| Excessive repetitive overhead activity (ex: changing shower curtains, lighbulb) |
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Definition
| impinges the supraspinatus agains the coracoacromial arch |
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Term
| Neer' Stages of Primary Impingement |
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Definition
Stage 1: Edema and Hemorrhage
Stage 2: Fibrosis and Tendonitis
Stage 3: Bone spurs & Partial or complete tear |
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Term
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Definition
- Shoulder instability as a result of congenital laxity or repetitive overhead activities lead to:
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Term
| Additional Causes of RTC injuries |
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Definition
- Eccentiric overloading during throwing
- Posterior impingement during throwoing activities (abductiona nd excessive external rotation)
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Term
| Medical Nonoperative Management of RTC |
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Definition
- Nonsteroidal Anti-inflmmatory drugs
- analgesics
- Therapy
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Term
| Surgical Management of RTC |
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Definition
- Decrompression/acromioplasty
- arthroscopic
- mini-open repair
- open repair
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Term
| Functional movements or RTC |
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Definition
Raise your arm above your head.
Reach behind your head.
Reach small of back.
Reach to opposite axilla. |
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Term
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Definition
-Flexion/Extension
• Abduction
• Internal and External Rotation (adducted and abducted
position)
• Horizontal Adduction and Abduction
• Shoulder Elevation
• Scapula: Upward and Downward Rotation, Elevation,
Depression, Protraction & Retraction
• Sternoclavicular Joint: Elevation, Depression,
Protraction, Retraction & Rotation
• During AROM note painful arc (60-120) and any compensation |
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Term
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Definition
-Forward flexion, horizontal adduction and internal
rotation (these movements place tension on the posterior
joint capsule and posterior band of the inferior
glenohumeral ligament
• Abduction to 90 degrees then external rotation (this
places tension on the anterior capsule and the anterior
band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament).
• Note End Feel and pain in relation to resistance |
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Term
| Pain in Relation to Resistance for RTC |
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Definition
- Pain before resistance: acute condition
- Pain at resistance: subacute condition
- Pain after resistance: Chronic conition
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Term
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Definition
- Force forward flexion with IR. Positive sign is face will express pain.
- Indicate overuse of supraspinatus and/or long head of biceps.
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Term
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Definition
Shoulder and elbo flexed to 90 degrees followed by forced internal rotation. Positive sign is patient will express pain. Indicates over use of the supraspinatus and/or long head of biceps |
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Term
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Definition
| Abduct shoulder to 90 degrees, then have the patient slowly lower the arm to the side. Positive sign is the patient's arm will drop to the side. Indicates a tear in the rotator cuff. |
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Term
| Empty Can (Supraspinatus Test) |
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Definition
| Shoulder elevation and internal roataion followed by resistance to elevation. Positive sign is weakness or pain. Indicates a large or massive tear in the supraspinatus tendonn. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shoulder flexed to 90, forearm supinated and elbow extended. Resistance is applied to flexion. Positive sign is pain over the biceps groove. indicates biceps tendinits. |
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Term
| Lateral Scapular Slide Test |
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Definition
Performed in 3 positions.
- arms at side
-hands on hips and 10 deg. of extension
-90 deg of abduction and internal rotation
Measure distance from inferior angle to thoracic spine
positive sign is asymmetry indicating scapular weakness
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Term
| Low Range ADLs (below 90 deg of shoulder elevation) |
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Definition
-Tuck shirt in
-Put belt on
-Toileting care
-feeding
-don/doff shirt
-Dusting |
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Term
| Mid Range ADLS (90 degrees) |
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Definition
-wash opposite axilla
-wash face
-brush teeth
-apply make up
-shave
-fold laundry
-hook bra
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Term
| High range ADLS (elevation above 90) |
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Definition
- Hair care
-Reach into above shoulder level cabinets |
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