Term
| Population Density Definition |
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Definition
| number of individuals per unit area |
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Term
| birth rate definition, symbol and unit type |
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Definition
| RATE of birth, b, number of births per individual per unit time |
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Term
| death rate definition, symbol and unit type |
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Definition
| rate of death, d, number of units per individual per units of time |
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Term
| population growth rate formula |
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Definition
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Term
| exponential growth (include formula) |
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Definition
| unlimited resources, G=rN -> G=population growth increment, r=population growth rate, N=initial population size |
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Term
| logistic growth (include formula) |
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Definition
| limited resources, G=rN[(K-N)/K] -> K=carryig capacity |
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Term
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Definition
| maximum number of animals in an environment |
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Term
| what affects disease risk? (5 things) |
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Definition
1. Population Density
2. Nutrition
3. Hygiene
4. Age
5. Vaccinations |
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Term
| what is the innate immunity our bodies have? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do macrophages work and what is their weakness? |
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Definition
| They attack anything alien in the body, can't remember a specific pathogen or recognize "cheating" cells |
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Term
| what is the acquired immunity our body has? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
encounter invader -> remember invader -> mark the so macrophages destroy them
takes time to develop! |
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Term
| how do the cells recognize our cells from invaders? |
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Definition
| protein structures outside the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| provokes immune response, can be glycoprotein or other molecule on surface of cell |
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Term
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Definition
| complementary molecules found on the surface of host cells |
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Term
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Definition
| complementary molecules released into the blood by activated cells to flag alien cells for macrophages to engulf and kill |
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Term
| how long do memory cells last? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| low doses of pathogens often in inactive form injected into an individual |
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Term
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Definition
| they help B cells lear about the specific antigen and create |
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Term
| What is some evidence of the endosymbiont hypothesis for mitochondria and chloroplasts? (5) |
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Definition
| size, membrane structure,divide on their own, contain own DNA and ribosomes, chloroplast pigments similar to cyanobacteria |
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Term
| Why do we need vaccine boosters? |
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Definition
| The virus/bacteria can mutate and evolve over time, thus aking themselves unrecognizable by the B-Cells a previous vaccine helped creat to fight this disease |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic makeup of an organism |
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Term
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Definition
| observable characteristics or traits of an organism |
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Term
| synonymous substitutions definition |
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Definition
| some changes in codons do not change the amino acid |
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Term
| non-synomous substitutions |
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Definition
| some changes in codons change the amino acid |
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Term
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Definition
| organisms with homologous chromosomes (pairs) -> if one is lost, there is a backup |
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Term
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Definition
| organisms with one pair of chromosome, most unicellular organisms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| transmission of trait independent of parent sex; mother and father pas traits to both sons and daughters equally |
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Term
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Definition
| transmission of trait differs by parent; a mother passes traits on the X to sons ad daughters equally, a father passes traits on the X only to daughters |
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Term
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Definition
| one allele is expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote and the other is not |
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Term
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Definition
| both allele products are expressed in the phenotype of heterozygote |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| blood donor understanding |
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Definition
| O is a universal donor but only receives from O, AB is a universal recipient but only donates to AB, A can receive O and B and can donate to A and AB, B can receive O and B but can only donate to B and AB |
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