Term
| What are the different types of ostomy(s)? |
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Definition
- Colostomy - Starting at the colon
- Ileostomy - Starting at the ileum |
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Term
| What are the indications for an ostomy? |
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Definition
Trauma
Diverticulitis
IBD - Crohn's or UC
Cancer
Radiation |
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Term
| When is a colostomy done, and what types are done? |
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Definition
When the DISTAL colon/rectum must be removed or bypasses
- Ascending
- Transverse
- Descending |
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Term
| When is an ileostomy done and what is the result? |
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Definition
When the ENTIRE colon needs to be bypassed or removed.
A semisoft liquid discharge mixed with pancreatic enzymes is the result. |
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Term
| What are the types of urinary diversions? |
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Definition
- Ureterostomy - Creation of a stoma for the ureters or kidneys
- Cystostomy - Surgical connection of bladder to skin
- Ileal and colon conduits - form a bridge out of part of your own body. |
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Term
| What is a continent diversion and when is it done? |
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Definition
Internal reservoir is made to collect urine, must be emptied with a needle.
Only done when minimal urine is produced. |
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Term
| What foods thicken stool? |
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Definition
Bananas, rice, bread, potatoes, peanut butter, applesauce, yogurt, pasta, pretzels, marshmallows
IE: Starches! |
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Term
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Definition
| String beans, chocolate, raw fruit, spicy food, greasy/fried food, leafy vegetables, alcohol, prunes (fiber) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What foods cause odor in stool? |
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Definition
| Fish, eggs, asparagus, garlic, beans, turnips, cabbages, alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
| Beans, beer, carbonated beverages, cucumber, cabbages, spinach, corn, radishes, highly spiced food |
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Term
| When would a stoma NOT be under the umbilicus? |
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Definition
| In an obese patient or with a patient in a wheelchair |
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Term
| What are the types of ostomy bags? |
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Definition
- 1 piece - skin is used as a wafer. Not good for ileostomy. Requires changing of whole unit.
- 2 piece - separated from wafer.
**Can be drainable or closed end. |
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Term
| What are pouch accessories for ostomy? |
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Definition
- Belt - keeps everything in place
- Powder/paste - makes a flat surface, NOT an adhesive: Karaya (paste) or Pectin (powder)
- Gelatin - turns liquid in pouch to gel.
- Oral (bismuth or chlorophyllin) or local deodorizers |
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Term
| What is important stoma management? |
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Definition
- Clean with plain soap and water, dry thoroughly
- DO NOT MOISTURIZE
- Use adhesive cement or tape to keep in place |
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Term
| What are ostomy complications? |
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Definition
- Peristomal skin breakdown - use a correct pouch size and skin barrier
- Allergic rxn - overuse of steroids, change adhesive
- Fungal infection - dry site, use a topical antifungal
- Peristomal hernia - in the elderly. Use support belt, correct pouch size
- Bowel prolapse or stomal retraction -- modify pouch, may require surgery. |
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