Term
|
Definition
| Most common arrangement of the avian toe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Songbirds and most other perching birds have them. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The second most common toe arrangement in perching birds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in Osprey, most woodpeckers, owls, cuckoos, most parrots, mousebirds, and some swifts. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Closely resembles the zygodactyl foot, but the second toe is reversed, to aid the short, weak first digit in gripping branches |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found only in the trogons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The second and third digits are fused for much of their length. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Commonly found in the Order Coraciiformes, kingfishers, and hornbills. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The first and fourth digits pivot freely forward and backward. They often rotate all four toes forward and use their tiny feet as hooks to hang while roosting on the walls of chimneys, caves, or hollow trees. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Only the anterior digits (2,3, and 4) are included within the webbing. Most common type of webbed foot. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in ducks, geese, swans, gulls, terns, and other aquatic birds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All four digits are included within the webbing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in the gannets and boobies, cormorants, and pelicans, all highly aquatic groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A small web is present between anterior digits (2, 3, and 4) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in some sandpipers and plovers, all grouse, and some domestic breeds of chicken. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The anterior digits (2, 3, and 4) are edged with lobes of skin that expand and contract as the bird swims. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in the grebes, though some palmate-footed ducks have lobes of skin on the hallux. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Characterized by long, strong digits armed with heavy claws for catching, holding, and killing prey animals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in kites, hawks, eagles, and falcons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The tarsus and foot are covered with a tough layer of horny keratin scales called the investment. The scales are arranged in an overlapping (imbricated) row along the anterior edges of the tarsus and foot. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in most birds with bare legs, mostly songbirds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The tarsus is covered not by a row of overlapping scales but by a fine patchwork of small, irregularly shaped plates in a reticulated (netlike) pattern. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in many birds, such as falcons and plovers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The tarsus and foot are covered in a combination of reticulated and scutellate scale patterns. The anterior tarsus is covered with a row of imbricated scutes, but the posterior of the tarsus is covered with reticulated scales. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The tarsus is covered by several long, continuous platelike scales, with no small overlapping scales. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The tarsus is scutellate on the anterior edge but is covered behind by a single, long 'booted' scale. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Found in some songbirds, such as the Grey Catbird. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what birds are, because they actually walk on their toes and not on all of the foot bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large scales that are arranged into rows to make the scale pattern, scutellate tarsus |
|
|
