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Origins of American Government
Chapter 2 in Prentice Hall: American Government, 2005 text book for Georgia
13
Political Studies
9th Grade
03/12/2011

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Term
Famous Line from Declaration of Independence
Definition
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by thier creator, with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
Term
Purpose of the Articles of Confederation
Definition
To establish a firm league of friendship among the states
Term
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Definition
All 13 states were needed to ratify the AoC, Congress did not have the power to tax, Congress did not have the power to regulate trade between the States, there was no Executive or Judicial Branch
Term
Problems Between States during the Aoc
Definition
States taxed one another's goods and even banned some trade, and they printed their own money
Term
Representation at the Constitutional Convention, in Philadelphia
Definition
Twelve of the 13 states, all but Rhode Island, sent delegates
Term
Two Men who were very active at the Constitutional Convention
Definition
James Madison and Alexander Hamilton
Term
The Virginia Plan
Definition
Largely the work of James Madisom. The Legislature of Congress would be Bicameral. Representation in each house was to be based upon the states' population or the amount of money they contributed to the central government. House of Reps were to be elected by the people. Senate was to be selected by the House of Reps, and the senate selects a National Executive and a National Judiciary which together would form a Council of Revision
Term
The New Jersey Plan
Definition
Retained the unicameral Congress of the Confederation. Called for a federal executive of more than one person. The federal judiciary would be composed of a single supreme Tribunal, appointed by the executive
Term
Connecticut Compromise
Definition
Congress should be composed of two houses, the senate that has equal representation of each state, and the house of reps which would be based of the state's population. There would also be three branches of government, the Judical Branch, the Executive Branch, and the Legislative Branch
Term
Three Fifths Compromise
Definition
It provided that all free persons should be accounted for in the population, and three fifths of all other persons
Term
Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
Definition
Congress was fordidden the power to tax the export of goods from any State. It was also forbidden the power to act on the slave trade for a period of at least 20 years
Term
Federalists and the Anti-Federalists
Definition
The two groups that emerged in each of the states during the ratification of the Constitution
Term
Two Major problems of the Constitution
Definition
The greatly increased power of the central government and the lack of a Bill of Rights
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