Term
| Carbon has __ electrons in highet occupied energy level. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The energy level can hold __ electrons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carbon can form up to __ bonds with other atoms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Each carbon atom is a connecting point from which other atoms can break off into __ drections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Carbon can form bonds with __ other carbon atoms, producing an endless variety of ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ are carbon based mocules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Non-carbon-based molecules are ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Some examples of inorganic molecules are: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __ may also bond with atoms of other elements |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Energy-storing __ molecules containing long ___ chains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atoms frequently found in orgnic molecules are: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ____ is a group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in pedictable ways with other molecules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attract water molecules (water loving) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Straight chains of monomers |
|
|
Term
| Name the 4 categories of large molecules |
|
Definition
| Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids |
|
|
Term
| For each monomer added to the chain a _ is released. This is called: |
|
Definition
| Water molecules, Dehydration reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organic compound made of sugar molecules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sugar contains elements of these 3 |
|
Definition
| Oxygen, Hydrogen, and Carbon |
|
|
Term
| Simple sugars that contain 1 sugar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Monosaccarides made up of__, ___, and___ |
|
Definition
| Glucose, frctose, and galactose |
|
|
Term
| Sugar main fuel supply for ___ work |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Double sugar (most commmon sucrose) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Long polymer chains made up of simple monomers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Found in plant cells and consists of glucose monomers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chain of many glucose monomers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Building materiales in plants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Include fats and steroids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hydrophobic and act as boundaries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ consists of a 3-carbon backbone called glycerol attaches to 3 fatty acids, which condtain hydrogen chains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ are fats at room temperature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ is fatwhich all 3 fatty acid chains contain the maximum possible # of hydrogen atoms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lard and butter are examples of _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ contains less than the maximum #> of hydrogen atoms almost in 1 or more of its fatty acid chains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fats in fruits, vegetables, fish, and oils are examples of ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lipid molecule in which carbon skeleton forms 4 fused rings |
|
|
Term
| Essentioal molecule found in membranes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a polymer constructed from a set of 20 kinds of monomers called amino acids |
|
|
Term
| Consists of central carbon atoms onded to 4 partners |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chain where cells creat proteins by linking amino acids together in it |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proteins composed of 1+ polypeptide chains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proteins composed of __ polypeptide chains |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unfavorable chainge in tmperature, pH, or other quality of environment can cause protein to unravel and lose normal shape |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Start-up energy that triggers chemical reaction |
|
|
Term
| Compounds that speed up chemical reactions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| main catalyst of chemical reactions in organisms |
|
|
Term
| specific reactant acted upon by an enzyme |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where substrate fits into enzyme |
|
|
