Term
|
Definition
| hydrophobic ("water hating") do not dissolve in water |
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|
Term
| boiling point increases as carbon # |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| boiling pt branched alkanes vs linear |
|
Definition
| branched boiling pt less than linear |
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|
Term
| alkanes melting pt increases with |
|
Definition
| molecular weight and size |
|
|
Term
| even # carbon vs. odd # carbon |
|
Definition
| even # carbon melting point higher than odd # carbon |
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|
Term
| melting pt of branched vs linear |
|
Definition
| branched melting pt greater than linear |
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|
Term
| Alkanes are derived mostly from |
|
Definition
| petroleum and petroleum by-products |
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Term
|
Definition
| heating alkanes with materials that catalyze cleavage of large molecules into smaller ones |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| catalytic cracking with hydrogen |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| 70% methane, 10% ethane, and 15% propane, |
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Term
|
Definition
| methane molecules trapped inside cages of water molecules |
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Term
|
Definition
| little reactivity with acids or bases |
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Term
|
Definition
| rapid oxidation at high temperatures, products are co2 and water |
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Term
|
Definition
| breaking into smaller molecules |
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|
Term
| Halogenation via heat or light |
|
Definition
| Alkanes react with halogens to form alkyl halides |
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Term
|
Definition
different arrangements formed
by rotations about a single bond |
|
|
Term
| eclipsed conformation has angle that is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| staggered conformation has angle that is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lowest-energy conformation is |
|
Definition
| the staggered conformation, C -H bonds separated as much as possible |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| energy required to twist is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interference between two bulky groups, repUlsion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
picturing conformations by looking down at an angle toward
the carbon-carbon bond |
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|
Term
|
Definition
picturing conformations by looking down at an angle toward
the carbon-carbon bond |
|
|
Term
| angle strain or Baeyer strain: |
|
Definition
| strain associated with compressing bond angles tosmaller (or larger) angles |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| strain associated with the cyclic structure of a compound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
two rings share only one carbon
atom. |
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Term
|
Definition
| no double or triple bonds |
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