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Organizational Staffing Test #1
N/A
41
Management
Undergraduate 3
10/02/2013
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Term
Value Creation and Proposition
 Definition
  • What the firm adds to a product or service by the virtue of making it
  • Creating value for the customers or owners
Term
Business Strategies
 Definition
  • Low Cost Strategy: competing on productivity and efficiency. Keeping costs low to offer an attractive price to customers (relative to competitors)
  • Differentiation Strategy: Compete on added value. Involves providing something unique and distinctive to customers that they value.
Term
Core Capabilities
 Definition
  • Integrated knowledge sets within an organization that distinguishes it from its competitors and deliver value to customers
Term
Sustained Competitive Advantage through people is achieved if these human resources:
 Definition
  1. Are valuable
  2. Are rare and unavailable to competitors
  3. Are difficult to imitate
  4. Are organized for teamwork and cooperation

 
Term
Strategic Human Resources Planning (SHRM)
 Definition
  • The pattern of human resouces deployments and activities that enable an organization to achieve it strategic goals
Term
Strategic Formation and Strategy Implementation
 Definition
  • Strategic Formation: providing input as to what is possible given the types and numbers of people available.
  • Strategy Implementation: making primary resource allocation decisions about structure processes, and human resources
Term
Human Capital Archtecture
 Definition
Term
Implications of Resource Based View
 Definition
  • Some human resources can be a source of competitive advantage, while others are not (Knowledge workers are a great source of competitive advantage)
  • Different groups of employees have different value to the execution of business strategy and competitive advantage. They must be managed differently.
Term
Organizational Staffing
 Definition
  • HR Planning
  • Sourcing/Recruiting
  • Selection
  • Retention/Separation
Term
Staffing Tactics
 Definition
  • Acquire or Develop talent
  • In-House or outsource function
  • Core and/or flexible workforce
  • Hire or Retain
  • National or Global
  • Attract or Relocate
  • Overstaff or Understaff
Term
Planning Issues
 Definition
  • Firm strategy and anticipated growth
  • Product demand
  • Capital investment
  • Labor market conditions
Term
Sourcing/Recruiting Overview
 Definition
  • Internal vs External
  • Methods (newspaper, tv, word of mouth)
  • Target population
  • Evaluation
Term
Selection Models
 Definition
  • Person-Job fit or match
  • Person-organization fit or match
  • Measurement- Job analysis, Organization analysis, KSA measurement
Term
Retention/Separation
 Definition
  • Manage the flow of people through the firm
Term
Staffing in Context
 Definition
  • Staffing is just one part of an entire human capital management system
  • The challenge is to develop a system of practices that support and enhance the effectiveness of each and most importantly allow the firm to execute business strategy
Term
The Employment Relationship
 Definition
  • Contractual relationship between employer and employee
  • Independent contractors
  • Temporary Employees (employed by staffing agency)
  • Abesent employment contract employment is considered to be "at will"
Term
Employment at Will
 Definition
  • "All may dismiss their employees at will, be they many or few, for good cause, for no cause, or even for cause morally wrong without being thereby guilty of legal wrong”
  • Employees may also terminate the employment relationship at any time

Term
Exceptions to Employment at Will
 Definition
  • Congressional Acts
  • State Court Rulings
  • Contracts (Explicit or Implied)
Term
Laws and Regulations in Staffing
 Definition
  • Congressional Acts
    §Civil Rights Act (1964; 1991)
    §ADA
    §ADEA
    §Etc.
  • Executive Orders
  • Regulatory guidelines
Term
Civil Rights Act of 1964
 Definition
  • Prohibit discrimination based on sex, color, race, religion, national origin
  • Title VII dealt specifically with employment
  • Established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)
  • Employers with 15 or more employees and others (unions, employment agencies)
  • Burden of Proof
Term
Americans with Disabilities Act
 Definition
  • Prohibits Discrimination against individuals with disabilities who are able to perform the essential functions of the job with or without reasonable accommodation
  • Define Disability: physical or mental impairments that substantially limit a major life activity
Term
Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
 Definition
  • Prohibits discrimination against those 40 and over
  • Does not prohibit discrimination against younger individuals
  • Advertisements should avoid references to age or age-related issues
Term
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
 Definition
  • Enforces most Civil Rights Legislation
  • Develops Guidelines -uniform guidelines on Employee Selection procedures
  • Established by Civil Rights act of 1964
Term
EEOC Procedures
 Definition
  • Charge is filed with EEOC within 180 days of alleged discriminatory behavior
  • EEOC investigates and makes a determinatorn of "reasonable cause"
  • If no reasonable cause issues right to sue letter
  • If reasonable cause attempts to resolve matter through negotiations then litigation
Term
Employment Discrimination
 Definition
  • Discrimination Defined: Treatment and Impact
  • Disparate Treatment: treating individuals because of a protected characteristic
  • Disparate or Adverse Impact: individuals are treated identically, but the outcome of the treatment has a differential impact
  • Plaintiff has initial "burden of proof" to establish a "prima facie case" of discrimination
Term
Establishing a Prima Facie Case
 Definition
  • Disparate Treatment: evidence will very depending on the case. Usually involves individuals and intentional discrimination
  • Disparate Impact: evidence will include statistical analysis of hiring patterns. Stock Statistics(Comparison to relevant labor markets) Flow Statistics (Four-fifths rule)
Term
Legal Defense of Discrimination
 Definition
  • Business Necessity- Job Necessity (Validity)
  • Bona fide occupational qualifications
    (“reasonably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business or enterprise”)
Term
Job Analysis
 Definition
  • definition: a purposeful, systematic process for collecting information on the important work-related aspects of jobs
  • Job description: describes the tasks and duties performed on the job
  • Job specifications: describes the characteristics of people necessary to perform the job (KSA)
Term
Puposes of Job Analysis
 Definition
  • Identify selection requirements (KSA and other characteristics)
  • Develop performance measures
  • Identify training needs
  • Develop training programs
  • Develop Compensation Programs
Term
Reasons for Job Analysis
 Definition
  • Legal
  • Good Practice- Validity of selection measures, Validity of criteria measures, and Communicate job expectations
Term
Knowledge
 Definition
  • A body of information that can be applied directly to the performance of tasks
  • Acquired through learning
Term
Skills
 Definition
  • An observable competence for appluing knowledge to perform a task
  • Acquired through Practice
Term
Ability
 Definition
  • An underlying, enduring trait of the person useful for performing a range of tasks
  • Relatively stable over long time periods
Term
Knowledge Areas
 Definition
  • Business Management
  • Manufacturing Production
  • Engineering and Technology
  • Mathematics and Science
Term
Job Analysis Techniques
 Definition
  • Interviews: General/Multipurpose and Critical Incident Techniques
  • Questionnaires: ONET
Term
Task Inventory
 Definition
  • List of Tasks
  • Subject Matter Experts rate each tasks
  • Output (description)
Term
Critical Incident Technique
 Definition
  • Interview Technique
  • Subject Matter Experts: Incumbents and Supervisors
  • Describe "Critical" incidents: positive and negative
  • Sort incidents into Dimensions
Term
Essential Job Functions
 Definition
  • Fundamental job duties of the position
  • Evidence that a function is essential
  • Job analysis is probably the best method to identify essential job functions
Term
Human Resource Planning
 Definition
  • Forecasting the demand and supply of labor
  • Demand for labor is a “derived” demand
  • Supply of labor comes from both within and outside the organization
Term
Forecasting Demand
 Definition
  • Determine production function
    •Output (Q) = F(Labor(L), Capital(K))
  • Key issues
    •Marginal Product of labor
    •Marginal Revenue
    •Marginal Revenue Product of Labor
Term
Marginal Revenue Product of Labor
 Definition
  • Marginal Product (MPL)
  • MPL = change in Q/change in L
  • Marginal Revenue (MR) = P
  • MRPL = MPL * MR
  • Marginal Expenses = Wages
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