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Organizational Behavior
N/A
41
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
02/11/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Ability
Definition
An individuals capacity to perform the various tasks in a job
Term
intellectual abilities
Definition
the capacity to do mental activities-thinking,reasoning,and problem soliving
Term
general mental ability
Definition
an overall factor of intelligence as suggested by the positive correlations among specific intellecutal ability dimensions
Term
physical abilities
Definition
the capacity to do tasks that demand stamina, dexterity, strength, and similar charachteristics
Term
biographial characteristics
Definition
personal characteristics- such as age, gender, race, and length of tenure- that are objective abd easily obtained from personnel records
Term
learning
Definition
a relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience
Term
classical conditioning
Definition
a type of conditioning in which an individual responds to some stimulus that would not ordinarily produce such a response
Term
operant conditioning
Definition
a type of conditioning in which desired voluntary behavior leads to a reward or prevents a punishment
Term
behaviorism
Definition
a theory that argues that behavior follows stimuli in a relatively unthinking manner
Term
social-learning theory
Definition
the view that people can learn through observation and direct experience
Term
shaping behavior
Definition
systematically reinforcing each successive step that moves and individual closer to the desired response
Term
continuous reinforcement
Definition
reinforcing a desired behavior each time it is demonstrated
Term
intermittent reinforcement
Definition
reinforcing a desired behavior often enough to make the behavior worth repeating but not every time it is demonstrated
Term
fixed-interval schedule
Definition
spacing rewards at uniform time intervals
Term
variable-interval schedule
Definition
distributing rewards in time so that reinforcements are unpredictable
Term
fixed-ratio schedule
Definition
initiating rewards after a fixed or constant number of responses
Term
variable-ratio schedule
Definition
varying the reward relative to the behavior of the individual
Term
OB mod
Definition
the application of reinforcement concepts to individuals in the work setting
Term
attitudes
Definition
evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people or events
Term
cognitive component
Definition
the opinion or belief segment of an attitude
Term
affective component
Definition
the emotional or feeling segment of an attitude
Term
behavioral component
Definition
an intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something
Term
cognitive dissonance
Definition
any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes
Term
job satisfaction
Definition
a positive feeling about ones job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics
Term
job involvement
Definition
the degree to which a person identifies with a job actively participates in it, and considers performance important to self worth
Term
psychological empowerment
Definition
employees belief in the degree to which they affect their work environment, their competence, the meningfulness of their job and their perceived autonomy in their work
Term
organizational commitment
Definition
the degree to which an employee indentifies with a particular organization and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in ther organization
Term
affective commitment
Definition
an emotional attachment to an organization and a belief in its valules
Term
continuance commitment
Definition
the perceived economic value of remaining with an organization compared with leaving it.
Term
normative commitment
Definition
an obligation to remaing with an organization for moral or ethical reasons
Term
perceived organization support
Definition
the degree to which employees believe an organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being
Term
employee engagement
Definition
an individuals involvement with satisfaction with and ethusiasm for the work he or she does
Term
core self-evaluations
Definition
bottom-line conclusion individual have about thier capabilities, competence, and worth as a person
Term
exit
Definition
dissatisfaction expressed through behavior directed toward leaving the organization
Term
voice
Definition
dissatisfaction expressed through active and contructive attempts to improve conditions
Term
loyalty
Definition
dissatisfaction expressed by passively waiting for conditions to improve
Term
neglect
Definition
dissatisfaction expressed through allowing conditions to worsen
Term
personality
Definition
the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts to and interacts with others
Term
heredity
Definition
factors determined at conception, ones biological physiological and inherent psychological makeup
Term
personality traits
Definition
enduring characteristics that describe an individuals behavior
Term
meyers-briggs type indicator
Definition
a personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into 1 or 16 personality types
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