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Organic Reactions
SCH 4U- covers hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers
33
Chemistry
12th Grade
10/13/2010

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Term
catalyst for hydrogenation of alkenes, alkynes
Definition
platinum
Term
catalyst for alkylation of benzene
Definition
AlCl3
Term
catalyst for halogenation of benezene
Definition
FeBr3
Term
reaction conditions and reagent for halogenation of alkanes
Definition
heat, UV, Br-Br, F-F, Cl-Cl, I-I
Term
products of complete combustion of hydrocarbons
Definition
carbon dioxide and water and energy
Term
products of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons
Definition
C, CO, H2O, energy
Term
type of general reaction that alkanes and aromatics (benzene) undergo
Definition
substitution
Term
type of general reaction that alkenes and alkynes undergo
Definition
addition
Term
order of reactivity of halogens (most to least)
Definition
fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
Term
in an halogenation reaction of an alkane containing primary, secondary and tertiary carbons, which carbon will be preferentially halogenated?
Definition
tertiary
Term
catalyst for reaction of benzene and nitric acid
Definition
H2SO4
Term
nitric acid (limiting amounts) + benzene -->
Definition
nitrobenzene
Term
what are the reaction products of limiting amounts of chloromethane with benzene in the presence of aluminum chloride?
Definition
methyl benzene and hydrogen chloride
Term
catalyst for the reaction of fluorine and benzene
Definition
FeBr3
Term
Markovnikov's rule
Definition
"the rich get richer" (in terms of H)
Term
ethyne + excess hydrogen (in the presence of Pt)-->
Definition
ethane
Term
1-butene + hydrogen bromide -->
Definition
2- bromobutane
Term
1-butene + water (in the presence of H2SO4)-->
Definition
2-butanol
Term
markovnikov's rule applies to
Definition
ractions of alkynes, alkenes (when an assymetrical reagent is used)
Term
reaction where 2 atoms (or groups of atoms) are lost from adjacent C on an organic molecule with a multiple bond resulting
Definition
elimination
Term
2-bromopentane + hydroxide -->
Definition
1-pentene + 2-pentene + water + bromide anion
Term
oxidizing agent
Definition
KMnO4 (potassium permanganate)
Term
primary alcohol + oxidizing agent (in the presence of sulfuric acid) -->
Definition
aldehyde
Term
secondary alcohol + oxidizing agent (in the presence of H2SO4) -->
Definition
ketone
Term
tertiary alcohol + oxidizing agent (in the presence of H2SO4) -->
Definition
no reaction
Term
ethanol reacted in the presence of dilute H2SO4 yields _________
Definition
diethyl ether
Term
ethanol reacted in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid yields____
Definition
ethene and water
Term
what factor determines if a condensation or elimination reaction will occur with alcohols?
Definition
the catalyst - dilute or concentrated sulfuric acid
Term
an ether reacted with HI produces
Definition
2 alkyl iodide molecules
Term
an ether reacted with HBr produces
Definition
two alkyl bromide molecules
Term
condensation reaction
Definition
a reaction where two molecules combine to form a larger product with the loss of a small molecule
Term
elimination reaction
Definition
an organic reaction that results in the elimination of a small molecule from a larger molecule resulting in a multiple bond
Term
hydration reaction
Definition
a reaction where a water molecule is added to a compound
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