Term
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Definition
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Term
| What does the suffix -ose indicate? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are carbohydrates divided into group? |
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Definition
| by the number sugar groups |
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Term
| What are the three carbohydrate groups? |
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Definition
| mono-, di-, and poly- saccharides |
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Term
| What kinds of carbs are in pasta and potatoes |
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Definition
| starches (polysaccharides) |
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Term
| What atoms do all carbs consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you identify a carb just by looking at its chemical formula? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is dehydration synthesis? |
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Definition
| the process of combining two molecules and getting a byproduct of water |
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Term
| Example of dehydration synthesis |
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Definition
| C5H1206+C6H1206=C12H22011 + H20 |
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Term
| What are monosaccharides? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is one of the main sources of energy for consumers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of monosaccharides |
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Definition
| glucose, fructose, and galactose |
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Term
| What are all sugars broken down to? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What 3 isomers have the same chemical formula of C6H12O6? |
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Definition
| Fructose, glucose and galactose |
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Term
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Definition
| molecules with the same chemical formula that are arranged differently |
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Term
| What molecules are found in milk? |
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Definition
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Term
| What monosaccharides are found in fruit? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the prefix dext- mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the prefix levu- mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is dextrose and what does it do? |
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Definition
| glucose that turns to the left |
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Term
| What is levulose and what does it do? |
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Definition
| fructose that turn to the left |
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Term
| What does the prefix di- mean? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common disaccharides? |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of a disaccharide (other than sucrose) |
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Definition
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Term
| What two monosaccharides make lactose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two monosaccharides are in sucrose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent of the world CAN digest lactose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the prefix poly- mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are polysaccharides? |
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Definition
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Term
| examples of polysaccharides |
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Definition
| cellulose, chitin, and starch |
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Term
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Definition
- gives plants support/ makes up cell wall in plant cells
- paper is made up of cellulose |
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Term
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Definition
- hard covering in insects
- cell walls in fungi |
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Term
| What do PLANTS store for excess energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Potatoes and grains are major sources of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| How long does it take for starch to break down to glucose? (quick/slow) |
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Definition
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Term
| What do ANIMALS store for excess energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does animals store glucose as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do animals store glycogen? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to glycogen and starch when it sits too long? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most abundant organic compound on Earth and why? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Can most living things break down fiber/cellulose? |
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Definition
| No- only fungi and some bacteria |
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Term
| What kind of animals CAN digest cellulose/ get nutrition from fiber? |
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Definition
| Herbivores- they have bacteria in stomach to digest fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| fruit, vegetables, grains, and potatoes (yes- potatoes are apparently a separate food group) |
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Term
| How do mono- & di- saccharides react in water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are polar molecules? |
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Definition
| molecules that are positive and negative |
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Term
| What is positive and what is negative in polar molecules? |
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Definition
Hydrogen- positive
oxygen- negative |
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Term
| What does the suffix -philia mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does hydrophilic mean? |
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Definition
| water loving/ attracted to water |
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Term
| Example of hydrophobic compounds |
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Definition
| lipids aka fats and steroids |
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Term
| What does the suffix -phobia mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are hydrophobic compounds? |
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Definition
| Compounds that won’t dissolve in water (nonpolar molecules) |
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Term
| What are hydrophilic compounds? |
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Definition
| compounds that will dissolve in water (polar molecules) |
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