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Organic Chem: Carboxylic Acids & Nitriles
Organic Chem by John McMurry 7e- Tulane- Ch.20
24
Chemistry
Undergraduate 3
04/13/2012

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Term
carboxylic acids are a good starting material for what?
Definition
acyl derivatives
Term
ex. of acyl derivative
Definition
acid chlorides, esters, amides, and thioesters
Term
suffix for carboxylic acids?
Definition
-oic acid
Term
suffix for carbonyl grp bonded to an aromatic ring?
Definition
-carboxylic acid
Term
acyl group suffix?
Definition
-oyl
Term
carboxyl grp?
Definition
CO2H
Term
Nitriles contain which functional group?
Definition
-C---N (tb)
Term
Chemistry of nitriles is similar to?
Definition
carboxylic acids
Term
suffix for open chained nitrile?
Definition
-nitrile
Term
-ic acid/-oil acid nitrile suffix?
Definition
-onitrile
Term
-carboxylic acid nitrile suffix?
Definition
-carbonitrile
Term
hybridization of carbonyl C?
Definition
sp2
Term
carboxylic acids have high/low boiling points because of?
Definition
high bp because of hydrogen bonding
Term
carboxylic acids defining characteristic is their?
Definition
Acidity
Term
carboxylic acids react with bases to give ?
Definition
carboxylate salts (water soluble)
Term
pKa= ?
Definition
-log Ka
Term
lower pka means?
Definition
more acidic
Term
which is more acidic? carboxylic acids or alcohols?
Definition
carboxylic acids are more acidic
Term
carboxylic acids in acidic solution at low pH?
Definition
carboxylic acid undissociated and exists as RCO2H
Term
carboxylic acids in basic sol'n at high pH?
Definition
carboxylic acid dissociates and exists as RCO2-
Term
chlorine atom is EDG/EWG?
Definition
EWG (more Cl= more acidic & closer Cl to carbonyl grp= more acidic)
Term
activating groups
Definition
CH3, OCH3, OH (EDG & decrease acidity)
Term
Deactivating groups
Definition
NO2, CN, CHO, Br, Cl (EWG & increase acidity)
Term
how to make a carboxylic acid from tertiary alkyl halide?
Definition
1- grignard (Mg, ether)
2- carboxylation (CO2, ether)
3- protonation (H3O)
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