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Organic Chem Chapt 17
Alcohols and Phenols
13
Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
12/12/2011

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Term

 

 

What is an alcohol

Definition
 compounds that have their -OH group bonded to a saturated sp3 hybirdized carbon atom
Term
What is a enol?
Definition
compounds with their OH group bonded to a vinylic sp2 hybirdized carbon
Term
Does hydrogen bonding cause higher boiling points in alcohols and phenols or their alkane counterpart?
Definition
Alcohol and phenol have higher boiling point 
Term
How do  alchols act as weak acids?
Definition
The dissaciate slightly in aqueous solution by donating a proton to water generating H3O and a Alkoxide (RO-) ion or phenoxide (ArO-) ion...
 
Term
How do alcohols and phenols act as weak bases?
Definition
the reversibly protonated by strong acids to yield oxonium ions (ROH2 +) 
Term
Smaller Ka & Larger pKa = more or less acidic?
Definition

 

 

Less Acidic

Term
Are sterically hindered alkoxides more or less acidic than unhindered alkoxides?
Definition
Less acidic
Term
Halogen substituents increase or decrease the acidity of an alcohol?
Definition
INCREASES acidity
-stabilizes an alkoxide ion by spreading out the charge over a larger volume
-Lowers pKa value 
Term
Which are more acidic alcohols or phenols?
Definition
Phenols bc their corresponding phenoxide ions are resonance-stabilized
Term
What type of reagents do alcohols react with?
Definition
alkali metals and strong bases [NaH, NaNH2, RMgX] 
Term
Phenols that have substitients can be more or less acidic than phenols itself if....
Definition

the subs are...
e- withdrawing=more acidic (delocalize the neg charge)

e-donating=less acidic(bc concentrate the charge) 

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