Term
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Definition
| The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or a set of goals. |
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Term
| Trait theories of leadership |
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Definition
| differentiates leaders from nonleaders by focusing on personal qualities and characteristics. the Big Five are extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience. |
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Term
| The two dimensions of the Ohio State Study |
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Definition
| Initiating Structure and consideration |
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Term
| The two dimensions of the U of M study |
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Definition
| Employee-oriented leaders and production-oriented leaders. |
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Term
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Definition
| This theory proposes that effective group performance depends on the proper match between the leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives control to the leader |
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Term
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Definition
| This theory states that it is the leaders job to provide followers with the information, support, or their resources necessary for them to achieve their goals. |
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Term
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Definition
| lets followers know what is expected of them, schedules work to be done, and gives guidance as to how to accomplish tasks. |
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Definition
| a leader that is friendly and shows concern for the needs of the followers. |
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Definition
| a leader that consults with followers and uses their suggestions before making a decision. |
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Term
| Achievement-oriented leader |
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Definition
| a leader that sets challenging goals and expects followers to perform at their highest level. |
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Term
| The four types of leaders as defined by the path goal theory |
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Definition
| Directive leader,Supportive leaders, Participative leader, Achievement-oriented leader |
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Term
| the two classes of contingency variables that moderate leadership behavior as defined by the path goal theory |
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Definition
| Environmental that are outside the control of the employee, and the personal characteristics of the employee. |
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Term
| Charismatic leadership theory |
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Definition
| followers make attributions of heroic or extraordinary leadership abilities when they observe certain behaviors. |
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Term
| How Charismatic Leaders influence followers |
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Definition
1)Vision and articulation
2)Personal Risk
3)Sensitivity to followers needs
4)Unconventional behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Inspires followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of their organizations and are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their followers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inspires followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of their organizations and are capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their followers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Leaders that guide or motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements. |
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Term
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Definition
| leaders that know who they are, know what they believe in and value, and ast on those values and beliefs openly and candidly. |
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Term
| Attribution theory of leadership |
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Definition
| a theory that says that leadership is merely and attribution tha tpeople make about other individuals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Leaders that guide or motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements. |
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Term
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Definition
| the capacity that A has to influence the behavior of B so that B acts in accordance of A's wishes. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Coercive, reward, and legitimate, |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| this type of power is dependent on fear of negative results of one fails to comply |
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Term
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Definition
| When people comply to the wishes of directors of another because doing so produces positive benefits |
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Term
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Definition
| One'e structural position that gives power over another |
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Term
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Definition
| this type of power is based on and individuals position in an organization and can come from the ability to coerce or reward. |
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Term
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Definition
| Power that comes from an individual's unique characteristics. |
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Term
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Definition
| influence wielded as a result of expertise, special skill, or knowledge. |
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Term
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Definition
| This type of power is bases on identification with a person who has desirable resources or personal traits. |
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Term
| The nine distinct influence tactice |
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Definition
| Legitimacy, Rational Persuasion, Inspirational Appeals, Consultation, Exchange, Personal appeals, ingratiation, pressure, coalitions, |
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Term
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Definition
| Relying on one's authority position or stressing that a request is in accordance with organizational policies or rules. One of the nine influence tactics |
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Term
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Definition
| Presenting logical arguments and factual evidence to demonstrate that a request is reasonable. One of the nine influence tactics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Developing emotional commitment by appealing to a target's values, needs, hopes and aspirations. One of the nine influence tactics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increasing the target's motivation and support by involving him or her in deciding how the plan or change will be done. One of the nine influence tactics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rewarding the target with benefits or favors in exchange for following a request. One of the nine influence tactics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Asking for compliance based on friendship or loyalty. One of the nine influence tactics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Using flattery, praise, or friendly behavior prior to making a request. One of the nine influence tactics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Using warnings, repeated demands, and threats. One of the nine influence tactics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Enlisting the aid of the other people to persuade the target, or using the support of others as a reason for the target to agree. One of the nine influence tactics. |
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Term
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Definition
| an informal group bound together by the active pursuit of a single issue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Activities that are not required as a part of one's formal role in the organization but that influence, or attempt to influence, the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within the organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reactive and protective behaviors to avoid action, blame, or change. |
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Term
| Ways of avoiding action. (defensive behaviors) |
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Definition
| overconforming, buck passing, playing dumb, stretching, and stalling |
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Term
| Ways of avoiding blame. (defensive behaviors) |
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Definition
| Bluffing, Playing safe, justifying, scapegoating, and misrepresenting. |
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Term
| Ways of avoiding change. (defensive behaviors) |
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Definition
| Prevention and self-protection. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which individuals attempt to control the impression others form of them. |
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Term
| Impression Management techniques |
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Definition
| Conformity, excuses, apologies, self-promotion, flattery, favors, and association. |
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Term
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Definition
| A process that begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something that the first party cares about. |
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Term
| Traditional View on conflict |
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Definition
| The view that prevailed in the 1930's and 40's that said that conflict was harmful and should be avoided. |
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Term
| Human relations view on conflict |
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Definition
| The view that dominated from the late 40's and through the mid-70's that said the conflict was a natural occurrence in all groups and organizations. Because conflict is inevitable, it should be accepted. |
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Term
| Interactionist View on conflict |
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Definition
| This view encourages conflict on the grounds that a harmonious, peaceful, tranquil, cooperative group is prone to becoming static apathetic, and nonresponsive to needs for change and innovation; therefore, group leaders are encouraged to maintain an ongoing, minimum level of conflict. |
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Term
| The two types of conflict as proposed by interactionist view. |
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Definition
| functional conflict, and dysfunctional conflict. |
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Term
| The stages of the conflict process |
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Definition
1)Potential opposition or incompatibility.
2) Cognition and personalization
3) Intentions
4) Behavior
5) Outcomes |
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Term
| The five conflict handling intentions |
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Definition
| Competing, collaborating, avoiding, accommodating, compromising. |
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Term
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Definition
| a process in which two or more parties exchange goods or services and attempt to agree on the exchange rate for them. |
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Term
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Definition
| This negotiating strategy operates under zero-sum conditions. That is, any gain I make is at your expense, and vice versa. |
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Term
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Definition
| This negotiation strategy operates under the assumption that one or more settlements can create a win-win solution. |
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Term
| The steps of the Negotiation Process |
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Definition
1) Preparation and Planning
2) Definition of ground rules
3) Clarification and justification
4) Bargaining and problem solving
5) Closure and implementation |
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Term
| Types of Departmentalization |
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Definition
| Functional, Product, Geography, process, and customer. |
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Term
| The Socialization Process |
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Definition
1)prearrival
2)Encounter
3)Metamorphasis |
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