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        violino, violon, Violine/Geige GDAE |  
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        viola, alto, Bratsche CDGA |  
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        violoncello, violoncelle, Violoncell CGDA |  
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        contrabasso, contre basse, Kontrabass EADG |  
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        flauto, flute, Flöte Low note C4 Piccolo, alto flute |  
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        oboe, hautbois, Oboe/Hoboe Low note Bb3 |  
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        corno inglese, cor anglais, englisches Horn Low note B3 up P5 |  
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        clarinetto, clarinette, Klarinette Low note E3 Up M2
  Soprano Eb Clarinet down m3 Alto Clarinet up M6 Contrabass Eb Clarinet up 8ve + M6 |  
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        Definition 
        
        clarinetto basso, clarinette basse, Bassklarinette Low note E2 Up M9 |  
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        fagotto, basson, Fagott Low note Gb3 |  
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        sassofone, saxophone, Saxophon Low note Bb3 Bb Soprano up M2 Eb Alto up M6 Bb Tenor up M9 Eb Baritone up 8ve + M6 |  
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        corno, cor, Horn Low note B1 Up P5 |  
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        tromba, trompette, Trompete Low note F#3 |  
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        trombone, trombone, Posaune Low note C2 |  
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        tuba, tuba, Basstuba Low note D1
  Euphonium Baritone |  
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        timpani, timbales, Pauken 20" 23" 26" 29" 32" D F Bb D F |  
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        Term 
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        Definition 
        
        | gran cassa, grosse caisse, grosse Trommel |  
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        Term 
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        | piatti/cinelli, cymbales, Becken |  
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        | piatto sospeso, cymbale suspendue, Hängendes Becken |  
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        Definition 
        
        | tamburo militaire, tambour militaire, Militärtrommel |  
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        | tamburo rullante, caisse roulante, Rührtrommel |  
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        | tamburo, caisse sourde, Jazzpauke |  
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        | tamburino, tambour de Basque, Schellentrommel |  
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        | triangolo, triangle, Triangel |  
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        silofono, xylophon, Xylophon Sounds 8ve up C3-C7 Wooden keys |  
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        Term 
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        Same Sounds 8ve up Keys like a piano, hammers strike steel plates with wooden resonators Bell-like tone |  
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        | Orchestra Bells/Glockenspiel |  
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        campanelli, jeu de timbres/carillon, Glockenspiel Sounds 2 8ve up |  
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        campane, tubes de cloches, Röhrenglocken C4-F5 |  
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        Same Notated on grand staff C3-C7 Wooden Keys |  
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        vebrafono, vibraphone, Vibraphon Steel bars F3-F7 Motor on (vibrato)/Motor off (non vibrato) |  
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        crotales, crotales, antike Zimbeln C5-C6 Sounds 1 8ve up |  
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        Term 
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        Tunable drums 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 inches G, B, G, C, E bottom range of each drum Each has 1 8ve range |  
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        chittara, guitare, Gitarre EADGBE |  
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        | Chords (2 or more notes) on string instruments |  
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        Term 
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        Wiggle bow fast. Rapid short up and down bows. Can be measured (16th notes) or unmeasured (as fast as you can play it) |  
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        | Alternate between two strings |  
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        Mute with mute without mute |  
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        sordino con sordino senza sordino |  
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        | Cancels effects of previous commands (ponticello, col legno, etc) |  
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        | Slide between two pitches |  
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        Definition 
        
        | overtones produced by splitting a string length in 2 pieces and vibrating both sides |  
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        Looks like arrow pointing down Bow from tip to frog Most up beats are on an up bow |  
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        Flat on top with legs pointing down Bow from frog to tip Most measures will start with a down bow |  
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        Definition 
        
        Legato Detache Martele Loure Slurred stacatto |  
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        Spiccato Repeated bows in fast passages Ricochet or Jete |  
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