Term
| What is stomatitis medicamentosa? |
|
Definition
| Allergic mucosal reactions to systemic drug administration |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical patterns of stomatitis medicamentosa? |
|
Definition
-
Anaphylactic stomatitis
-
Fixed drug,
-
Lichenoid drug and
-
Lupus erythematosus like eruptions
-
Pemphigus like drug reactions
-
Nonspecific vesiculo ulcerative or aphthous like lesions
|
|
|
Term
| What is another name for stomatitis medicamentosa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stomatitis medicamentosa is usually what type of reaction? |
|
Definition
| Type I hypersensitivity reaction |
|
|
Term
| What are the associated systemic manifestations in stomatitis medicamentosa? |
|
Definition
-
Anaphylaxis
-
Urticarial skin lesions
|
|
|
Term
| What do oral mucosal lesions in anaphylactic stomatitis look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do oral mucosal lesions in fixed drug eruptions look like? |
|
Definition
| Localized areas of erythema and edema may progress to vesiculo erosive lesions |
|
|
Term
| Where do fixed drug eruptions occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stomatitis medicamentosa most commonly occurs where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What lesions are common in all patterns of stomatitis medicamentosa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat systemic manifestations especially anaphylactic stomatitis? |
|
Definition
-
Epinephrine
-
Systemic corticosteroids
-
Or antihistamine
|
|
|
Term
| What is another name for allergic contact stomatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is allergic contact stomatitis? |
|
Definition
| Oral mucosal allergic reaction confined to area of direct contact with the allergen |
|
|
Term
| What type of reaction is allergic contact stomatitis? |
|
Definition
| Type IV hypersensitivity reaction |
|
|
Term
| What are the common agents to cause allergic contact stomatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Allergic contact stomatitis predominate in which sex? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most frequent symptom in acute contact stomatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does acute contact stomatitis look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does chronic contact stomatitis look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chronic contact stomatitis may spread to what areas? |
|
Definition
| Vermillion lips or perioral area |
|
|
Term
| Chronic contact stomatitis spread to vermillion lips is called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chronic contact stomatitis spread to the perioral area is called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What may be helpful to diagnose chronic contact stomatitis? |
|
Definition
| Skin or direct oral mucosal antigen testing |
|
|
Term
| Chronic contact stomatitis is treated with what topical steroids? |
|
Definition
-
Fluocinonide gel
-
Or dexamethasone elixir
|
|
|
Term
| What are common symptoms of contact stomatitis due to artificial cinnamon flavoring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most frequently affected site due to artificial cinammon flavoring? |
|
Definition
| Swelling, edema and or erythema of the gingiva |
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features due to artificial cinnamon flavoring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When do lesions resolve after discontinuation of artificial cinnamon flavoring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is lichenoid contact stomatitis? |
|
Definition
| Most common chronic reaction to dental restorative materials |
|
|
Term
| How often does lichenoid contact stomatitis to dental amalgam occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common antigen to induce chronic hypersensitivity reaction to dental materials? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lichenoid contact stomatitis occurs where? |
|
Definition
- Fixed to area of contact with restoration
- Posterior buccal mucosa
- Ventrolateral borders of tongue
|
|
|
Term
| What does lichenoid contact stomatitis look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common clinical feature of lichenoid contact stomatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diffuse edematous swelling of the soft tissues |
|
|
Term
| Angioedema most commonly involves what type of tissue? |
|
Definition
| Subcutaneous and submucosal connective tissue |
|
|
Term
| Angioedema may affect what other tissues? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common mechanism of angioedema? |
|
Definition
-
Type I hypersensitivity reaction
-
Mast cell degranulation leading to histamine release
-
Resultant edema formation
|
|
|
Term
| Mast cell degranulation in angioedema is less commonly caused by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes increasing levels of bradykinin in severe angioedema? |
|
Definition
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in some antihypertensive drugs |
|
|
Term
| How does activation of complement pathways cause angioedema? |
|
Definition
-
Hereditary problems with C1-INH
-
Acquired C1-INH deficiency
-
High level antigen antibody complexes
|
|
|
Term
| Swelling due to angioedema is most pronounced where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Angioedema may be accompanied by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Angioedema lasts how long? |
|
Definition
| Usually only 24 to 72 hours |
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features of angioedema? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the first line of treatment for angioedema? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When are epinephrine and steroids sometimes necessary to treat angioedema? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What may be necessary when airway is compromised in angioedema? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hereditary forms of angioedema require prophylaxis prior to invasive procedures. What is it? |
|
Definition
| Androgens to induce hepatic synthesis of C1-INH |
|
|
Term
| What is the behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Combination of chronic ocular inflammation, oral and genital ulcerations |
|
|
Term
| What causes behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
-
Unknown
-
Immunodysregulation
|
|
|
Term
| How does immunodysregulation cause behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
-
HLA factors
-
Environmental antigens
|
|
|
Term
| Environmental antigens that triggers behςet syndrome include what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Oral involvement of behςet syndrome occurs in what percentage of cases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genital lesions of behςet syndrome occur in what percentage of cases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of lesions of behςet syndrome occur in the oral cavity? |
|
Definition
| Aphthous like ulcerations |
|
|
Term
| Behςet syndrome in the oral cavity commonly occurs where? |
|
Definition
| Soft palate and oropharynx |
|
|
Term
| Genital and ocular involvement of behςet syndrome are more common in which sex? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features of behςet syndrome of the oral cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do cutaneous lesions of behςet syndrome include? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ocular involvement of behςet syndrome occurs in what percentage of cases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other clinical features of behςet syndrome of the eyes? |
|
Definition
| Severe pain and blindness may occur |
|
|
Term
| What other organ systems are involved in behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
-
Self limiting arthritis
-
Central nervous system
|
|
|
Term
| What must occur for definitive diagnosis of behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
-
Recurrent oral ulcerations for mininum of 1 year
-
Any two of recurrent genital ulcerations, ocular and cutaneous lesions or + pathergy test
|
|
|
Term
| How do you treat oral lesions of behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Tetracycline rinses or topical steroids |
|
|
Term
| Steroid resistant cases in behςet syndrome of the oral cavity may be treated with what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat genital lesions of behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat ocular lesions of behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
| Azathioprine and cyclosporine |
|
|
Term
| Severe cases of behςet syndrome may require use of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are other features of behςet syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Immune mediated systemic and non caseating granulomatous disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sarcoidosis is more common in which ethnicity? |
|
Definition
| 10x more common in blacks than whites |
|
|
Term
| Sarcoidosis is slightly predominant in which sex? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sarcoidosis affects what age group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sarcoidosis predominantly affects what areas? |
|
Definition
-
Lungs
-
Lymph nodes
-
Skin
-
Eyes
-
Salivary glands
|
|
|
Term
| Common systemic symptoms of sarcoidosis include? |
|
Definition
-
Dyspnea
-
Dry cough
-
Chest pain
-
Fever
-
Malaise
-
Fatigue
-
Arthralgia
-
Weight loss
|
|
|
Term
| Sarcoidosis is asymptomatic in approximately what percentage of cases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two distinct clinical syndromes of sarcoidosis? |
|
Definition
| Lofgren and heerfordt syndrome |
|
|
Term
| What is lofgren syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is another name for heerfordt syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is heerfordt syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Oral manifestations of sarcoidosis are uncommon in absence of what? |
|
Definition
| Lymph node or salivary gland involvement |
|
|
Term
| What does sarcoidosis look like in the oral cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What color is sarcoidosis in the oral cavity? |
|
Definition
-
May be normal,
-
Brownish red,
-
Violaceous
-
Or white
|
|
|
Term
| Sarcoidosis resolves spontaneously in what percentage of cases? |
|
Definition
| Approximately 60 percent within two years |
|
|
Term
| Sarcoidosis is successfully treated with corticosteroids in what percentage of cases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sarcoidosis occurs worldwide but is more common in what areas? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is orofacial granulomatosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes orofacial granulomatosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Orofacial granulomatosis most commonly affects what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Orofacial granulomatosis affects what other areas? |
|
Definition
-
Intraoral mucosa
-
Tongue
-
Gingiva
|
|
|
Term
| What does intraoral mucosa of orofacial granulomatosis look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does tongue of orofacial granulomatosis look like? |
|
Definition
-
Fissures,
-
Edema,
-
Paresthesia,
-
Erosion
-
Or taste alteration
|
|
|
Term
| What does gingiva of orofacial granulomatosis look like? |
|
Definition
-
Swelling,
-
Erythema,
-
Pain
-
Or erosion
|
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical patterns of orofacial granulomatosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is cheilitis granulomatosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is melkersson rosenthal syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat cheilitis granulomatosis? |
|
Definition
| Local steroid injections directly into tissue |
|
|
Term
| What is wegener granulomatosis? |
|
Definition
| Uncommon immune mediated vasculitis syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Wegener granulomatosis includes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes wegener granulomatosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are symptoms of wegener granulomatosis of the upper respiratory tract? |
|
Definition
-
Purulent nasal discharge
-
Chronic sinus pain
-
Nasal ulceration
-
Epistaxis
-
Congestion
-
Fever
|
|
|
Term
| What are symptoms of wegener granulomatosis of the lower respiratory tract? |
|
Definition
-
Dry cough,
-
Hemoptysis,
-
Dyspnea
-
Or chest pain
|
|
|
Term
| Oral lesions of wegener granulomatosis occur in what percentage of cases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is strawberry gingivitis? |
|
Definition
| Most common oral manifestation of wegener granulomatosis |
|
|
Term
| What does strawberry gingivitis look like? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Strawberry gingivitis may progress to what? |
|
Definition
| Erode supporting bone and periodontium |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose wegener granulomatosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat strawberry gingivitis? |
|
Definition
| Steroid and cytotoxic agent cyclophosphamide |
|
|
