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Oral Pathology
Oral Manifestations of Skin Diseases
96
Pathology
Graduate
02/06/2010

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Cards

Term
What are general clinical features of ectodermal dysplasia?
Definition
  • Intolerance to heat
  • Sparse hair
  • Periocular skin wrinkling with hyperpigmentation
  • Midface hypoplasia
Term
Which teeth are present in most severe cases of ectodermal dysplasia?
Definition
  • Cuspids
  • First molars
Term
What are other oral features of ectodermal dysplasia?
Definition
  • Hypodontia
  • Abnormal shape of teeth
  • Tapered anterior crowns
Term
What is another name for white sponge nevus?
Definition
Cannon's disease
Term
What causes lichen planus?
Definition
  • Unknown
  • Cell mediated immune response
  • Stress
Term
Lichen planus is seen in what percentage of the population?
Definition
1 to 2 percent
Term
What is the primary symptom of lichen planus of the skin?
Definition
Pruritis
Term
What are other clinical features of lichen planus of the skin?
Definition
  • Red or reddish purple
  • Small papules
  • Covered by glistening scale
Term
Lichen planus of the skin affects what areas?
Definition
  • Wrists
  • Knees and thighs
Term
Lichen planus of the skin may resolve within how long?
Definition
2 years
Term
What are oral features of lichen planus?
Definition
  • Painless if not erosive
  • May occur months before skin
Term
Lichen planus is most often located where?
Definition
Buccal mucosa
Term
What are the types of lichen planus?
Definition
  • Reticular
  • Plaque
  • Atrophic
  • Vesicular and bulla formation
  • Erosive type
Term
What are the most common types of lichen planus?
Definition
Reticular and erosive
Term
Erosive type lichen planus is confused with what?
Definition
Pemphigoid or pemphigus
Term
What are other clinical features of erosive type lichen planus?
Definition
  • Painful
  • Radiating striae around ulcer
  • Secondary oral candidiasis
Term
What is desquamative gingivitis?
Definition
  • Usually erosive lichen planus,
  • Pemphigus vulgaris,
  • Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
  • Or erythema multiforme
  • Chronic contact stomatitis
Term
Which lichen planus often does not need treatment?
Definition
Reticular type
Term
What causes pemphigus?
Definition
  • Unknown
  • Antibody to intercellular cementing substance or desmosomes
Term
What is the most common type of pemphigus?
Definition

Pemphigus vulgaris

 

Term
Pemphigus vulgaris occurs in what age group?
Definition
Usually 50 year old adults
Term
Pemphigus vulgaris especially occurs in which ethnicity?
Definition
Jews
Term
Pemphigus vulgaris starts with what?
Definition
Rapid bullae or vesicles
Term
What is nikolsky's sign?
Definition
Pressure of friction causes bullae or vesicles
Term
What are microscopic features of pemphigus vulgaris?
Definition
  • Acantholysis
  • "Tzanck cells"
  • Suprabasilar or intraepithelial vesicles
Term
What are "tzanck cells"?
Definition
  • Swelling of nuclei
  • Hyperchromatin staining
Term
Direct immunofluorescence diagnoses which diseases?
Definition
  • Pemphigus vulgaris
  • Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
  • Lupus erythematosus
Term
What is another name for benign mucous membrane pemphigoid?
Definition
Cicatricial pemphigoid
Term
Cicatricial means what?
Definition
Scar
Term
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid may be misdiagnosed as what?
Definition
Desquamative gingivitis
Term
Bullous pemphigoid occurs at what age?
Definition
Age 60
Term
Bullous pemphigoid may be similar to what?
Definition
  • Chronic desquamative gingivitis
  • Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
Term
What is bullous pemphigoid?
Definition
Thick walled subepithelial blister
Term
What are other clinical features of bullous pemphigoid?
Definition
  • Mostly skin
  • Gingival tissue often not involved
Term
Bullous pemphigoid lasts how long?
Definition
2 to 5 years
Term
What is erythema multiforme?
Definition
Ulcerative and blistering mucocutaneous condition
Term
Erythema multiforme lasts how long?
Definition
Only 2 to 6 weeks
Term
Erythema multiforme occurs at what age?
Definition
  • 20 to 30 years
  • Children
Term
What are other clinical features of erythema multiforme?
Definition
  • Bloody crusty lips
  • Rapid onset
Term
What is "target" or herpes iris of erythema multiforme?
Definition
  • Concentric ring like appearance
  • Outer rim enlarges while central area heals and scabs
Term
What is stevens johnson syndrome?
Definition
Severe form of erythema multiforme
Term
Stevens johnson syndrome involves what areas?
Definition
  • Skin
  • Oral cavity
  • Eyes
  • Genitalia
Term
What is toxic epidermal necrosis?
Definition
  • More severe form of erythema multiforme
  • Do not treat with steroids
Term
What is one of the most common autoimmune conditions?
Definition
Lupus erythematosus
Term
What are three forms of lupus erythematosus?
Definition
  • Systemic,
  • Chronic and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Term
What is another name for chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus?
Definition
Discoid lupus erythematosus
Term
Systemic lupus erythematosus is prominent in which sex?
Definition
Females
Term
Butterfly rash of systemic lupus erythematosus occurs in what percentage of cases?
Definition
50 percent
Term
Kidney failure of systemic lupus erythematosus occurs in what percentage of cases?
Definition
50 percent
Term
Systemic lupus erythematosus affects what age?
Definition
30 to 40 years
Term
What are other clinical features of systemic lupus erythematosus?
Definition
  • Cardiac conditions or warty vegetations affecting heart valves
  • Oral lichenoid areas
Term
Psoriasis usually begins at what age?
Definition
10 to 30 years
Term
Oral lesions of psoriasis may appear as what?
Definition
  • White or red plaques and possible ulcerations
  • Nonspecific
Term
What are other clinical features of psoriasis?
Definition
  • Proliferation of skin keratinocytes
  • Often on flexor surfaces
  • Arthritis

 

 

Term
How do you treat psoriasis?
Definition
  • Sunlight
  • Steroids
  • Tar soaps
  • Vitamin D3 analog
  • Tazarotene (vitamin A compound)
Term
What are four types of epidermolysis bullosa?
Definition
  • Simplex
  • Junctional
  • Dystrophic
  • Acquistia
Term
What are other clinical features of epidermolysis bullosa?
Definition
  • Often scar
  • Fingernails may be lost

 

Term
Oral manifestations of epidermolysis bullosa may include?
Definition
  • Gingival erythema
  • Anodontia
  • Enamel hypoplasia
  • Bulla and vesicle formation
Term
What is another name for scleroderma?
Definition
Systemic sclerosis
Term
Scleroderma occurs most at what age?
Definition
30 to 50 years
Term
What are other clinical features of scleroderma?
Definition
  • Leads to organ failure
  • Widening of the periodontal ligament
  • Neuralgia and paresthesia

 

Term
What is raynaud's phenomenon?
Definition
Loss of circulation in hands, face and trunk
Term
What is the classic triad of reiter's syndrome?
Definition
  • Non gonococcal urethritis
  • Arthritis
  • Conjunctivitis
Term
What triggers reiter's syndrome?
Definition
Several infectious agents
Term
Reiter's syndrome usually affects which sex?
Definition
Young males
Term
Reiter's syndrome develops how long after venereal disease or dysentery?
Definition
1 to 4 weeks
Term
What is another name for darier's disease?
Definition
Keratosis follicularis
Term
Palms and soles of darier's disease often exhibit what?
Definition
Pits and keratoses
Term
What are other clinical features of darier's disease?
Definition
  • Hereditary
  • Numerous erythematous papules on skin
  • May have foul odor
Term
Oral lesions of darier's disease consists of?
Definition
White flat papules
Term
Darier's disease may become worse in what?
Definition
Sunlight
Term
Warty dyskeratoma is seen at what age?
Definition
Older than 40 years
Term
What is warty dyskeratoma?
Definition

Uncommon single lesion of darier's disease

 

Term
What are other clinical features of warty dyskeratoma?
Definition
  • No symptoms
  • Roughened surface
Term
How do you treat lichen planus?
Definition
  • Topical application of steroids
  • Systemic steroids
  • Antifungal medication
  • Vitamin A analog
Term
What are four types of pemphigus?
Definition
  • Pemphigus vulgaris,
  • Foliaceous,
  • Vegetans and erythematosus
Term
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid is twice as common as what?
Definition
Pemphigus vulgaris
Term
What are other clinical features of benign mucous membrane pemphigoid?
Definition
  • Autoimmune
  • Ocular involvement
Term
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid occurs at what age and sex?
Definition
50 to 60 year old females
Term
What is ocular involvement of benign mucous membrane pemphigoid?
Definition
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Adhesion
  • Scarring
  • Blindness
Term
Which diseases indicate positive nikolsky's sign?
Definition
  • Pemphigus vulgaris
  • Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
Term
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid is located in what areas?
Definition
  • Oral mucosa
  • Skin
  • Genitalia
Term
What often aggravates gingival condition of benign mucous membrane pemphigoid?
Definition
Lack of oral hygiene
Term
Bullous pemphigoid is less frequent than what disease?
Definition
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid
Term
What occurs many weeks before bullae in bullous pemphigoid?
Definition
Rash on limbs etc.
Term
What causes erythema multiforme?
Definition
  • Unknown
  • Hypersensitivity reaction
  • Some appear spontaneously
Term
What can also trigger erythema multiforme?
Definition
Viral lesions such as herpes
Term
Pemphigus vulgaris may be accompanied by what?
Definition
Fever or malaise
Term
What precedes erythema multiforme?
Definition
  • Headache
  • Fever
  • Malaise
Term
How do you treat lupus erythematosus?
Definition
  • Avoid excessive sunlight
  • Steroids and immunosuppressive drugs
  • Antimalarial drugs
Term
Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are used to diagnose which disease?
Definition
Lupus erythematosus
Term
What is psoriasis?
Definition
Neurodermatosis
Term
What is epidermolysis bullosa?
Definition
Inherited blistering mucocutaneous disorders
Term
Skin of scleroderma becomes what?
Definition
Gray, dusty and waxy
Term
What are other clinical features of reiter's syndrome?
Definition
Skin lesions on penis
Term
What is darier's disease?
Definition
  • Striking skin lesions
  • Along with subtle oral mucosal lesions
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