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oral embryology and histology
chapter 8 part 2 for quiz 3-24-14
50
Dentistry
Undergraduate 3
03/23/2014

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Cards

Term
firm non-calcified connective tissue is known as
Definition
cartilage
Term
what are some qualities of cartilage
Definition

-temporary skeleton of embryo

 

-structural support for soft tissue after birth

 

-avascular (no blood supply, so it cannot repair itself)

 

-flexibility / cushion between bone

 

-no nerves

 

-forms chondroblasts

Term
what is the immature cell made from cartilage
Definition
chondroblasts
Term

once cartilage is produced it is surrounded by what?

 

chondroblasts turn into chondrocytes and are then surrounded by what?

Definition
lucuna
Term
the more mature cartilage produced are called
Definition
chondrocytes
Term
what is the connective tissue containing blood vessels that surrounds cartilage?
Definition
perichondrium
Term
3 types of cartilage
Definition

hyaline (most common)

 

elastic (vocal chords)

 

fibrocartilage (*it is transitional with no perichondrium and it hangs out with hyaline) 

 

 

Term
interstitial growth
Definition

grows from deep within the tissue by mitosis

 

used for bone, cartilage first, then gets hard (like a pattern)

Term
appositional growth
Definition

in layers

 

injury or remodeling

Term
calcified connective tissue
Definition
bone
Term
what are the functions of bone
Definition

protection of vital organs

 

aid in movement

 

manufactures blood cells in marrow

Term
where are RBC's made in bone
Definition
inner most part, the marrow
Term
what is the most differentiated  of all connective tissue
Definition
bone is most differentiated
Term
what is bone covered by
Definition
periosteum
Term
the periosteum contains what
Definition

blood vessels

nerves

osteoblasts (bone forming cells)

Term
what type of bone is just below the periosteum?
Definition
compact bone (spongy or cancellous bone)
Term
what is the order from immature bone to mature bone
Definition
fibroblasts-osteoid-osteoblast-osteocyte
Term
endosteum
Definition
innermost part of bone
Term
what is the recipe for bone
Definition

50% organic (collagen/intercellular)

 

50% inorganic (calcium/ hydroxyapetitie)

Term
mature bone or osteocytes are surrounded by a space just like the cartilage was.  what is the space called?
Definition
lacuna
Term
what is the information system  that provides for interaction between osteocytes?
Definition
canaliculi
Term
the rings of bone that can be seen on a slide are called
Definition
lamellae (sheets of bone that look like rings of a tree)
Term
what is the concentric lamellae (layers or sheets of compact bone) known as (the system specifically)?
Definition
haversion system
Term
what part of the haversian system provides nutrition for bone
Definition
middle haversian
Term
trabeculae
Definition
lattice system in cancellous/spongy bone
Term

what is in the exterior of the haversian system of compact bone?

 

hint they are nutrient canals lined by the endosteum

Definition
volkmann's canals
Term
concentric layers of osteoid being produced
Definition

appostition 

 

by intramembranous ossification

Term
cartilage that mineralizes by what process
Definition
endochondrial ossification
Term
what happens in endochondrial ossification
Definition
cartilage 1st followed by appositional growth
Term
resorption involves
Definition
osteoclasts (break down)
Term
thinning of the mandible and osteoporosis are signs of
Definition
hyperthyroidism
Term
endocrine bone resorption can be caused by
Definition
estrogen
Term
what do drugs for osteoporosis do?
Definition
deactivate osteoclasts ( meaning only bone formers are left, this can make bone too dense)
Term
if bone is too dense due to osteo drugs what happens to blood supply?
Definition

harder to repair and bone becomes brittle

can cause necrosis of bone 

osteo necrosis of jaw usually caused by IV drugs due to ortho patients who have absesses.

Term

what cells carry oxygen and have no nucleus?

 

hint they have a clotting mechanism after injury

Definition
RBC's
Term
clotting mechanisms
Definition
platelets
Term

what is the most common WBC?\

 

 

Definition
neutrophils
Term
where are WBC's formed
Definition
bone marrow
Term
what are WBC's used for
Definition
immune response
Term
do WBC's have a nucleus
Definition
yes WBC's have nucleus
Term
name the WBC's
Definition

neutrophils- phagocytosis

lymphocytes- t cells and b cells make plasma

monocytes- phagocytosis

eosinophils

basophils- histamine and heparin

mast cells

Term
normal range for WBCs
Definition
5000-10000 cubic ml
Term
if wbc count is higher than 10000?
Definition
infection is present
Term
if wbc lower than 5000?
Definition
immunocompromised
Term

INR

 

INternal normalied ratio

Definition

measurement for bleeding time

 

 

1 is more clotting (faster clotting time)

 

4 is less clotting (takes longer)

Term
muscle tissue types
Definition

skeletal

 

smooth

 

cardiac

Term
skeletal muscle
Definition
striated & voluntary
Term
smooth muscle tissue
Definition
involuntary, no bands, autonomic nervous system
Term
cardiac muscle tissue
Definition
heart muscle, autonomic nervous system control
Term
nerve tissue neurons have 3 parts
Definition

 

 

cell body-provides metabolic support for neuron

 

axon-cable conducting impulses from cell body

 

dendrite-threadlike, recieves impulses and sends them back to cell body

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