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OPTH 731 - Final
Lecture 5 - Fungal Infections
11
Pathology
Professional
11/30/2011

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
List the 7 common fungal infections of the mouth
Definition
  1. Candidiasis
  2. Histoplasmosis
  3. Blastomycosis
  4. Coccidioidomycosis
  5. Cryptococcus
  6. Mucormycosis
  7. Aspergillosis
Term

Nicknames:

  1. San Joaquin Valley fever
  2. Mississippi Valley fever

Definition
  1. Coccidioidomycosis
  2. Histoplasmosis
Term
List the 5 types of Candidiasis
Definition
  1. Acute pseudomembranous ("thrush")
  2. Acute atrophic
  3. Chronic atrophic

    (the ones below - usually cannot scrape off white plaques - reactive hyperkeratosis)

  4. Chronic hyperplastic
  5. Chronic mucocutaneous
Term

(1)  Explain how candidiasis is diagnosed

 

(2)  Tx

Definition

(1)  Diagnosis can be made by microscopic demonstration of the fungal hyphae and spores within the superficial epithelium.

 

(2)  Anti-fungal & Steroid cream for angular cheilitis lesions.

Term

Histoplasmosis

 

(1)  identify infectious agent

 

(2)  prevalence

 

(3)  Method of inoculation

 

 

Definition

(1)  Histoplasma capsulatum

 

(2)  up to 75% of population in Mississippi Valley and NE U.S.

 

(3)  Inhaled spores in bird droppings.

 

 

Term

Histoplasmosis

 

(1)  Clinical features

 

(2)  Histologic presentation

Definition

(1)  low grade fever, productive cough,

oral lesions appear as nodular, ulcerative or vegetative lesions on the buccal mucosa, gingiva, tongue, palate, and/or lips.

 

(2)  granulomatous inflammation and the small (2 to 4 microns) organisms in phagocytic cells in large numbers.

Term

Blastomycosis

 

(1)  infectious agent

 

(2)  vector

 

(3)  gender distribution

 

(4)  2 types

Definition

(1)  Blastomyces dermatitidis

 

(2)  grows as a mold in rich moist soil

 

(3)  9:1 male-to-female

 

(4)  acute, chronic

Term

Clinical presentation

 

(1)  acute blastomycosis

 

(2)  chronic blastomycosis

 

 

(3) histologic presentation

Definition

(1)  resembles pneumonia:

high fever, chest pain, malaise, night sweats

 

(2)  more common & may mimic TB.

cutaneous lesions - erythematous nodules that enlarge and ulcerate

oral - may resemble SCC

 

(3)  acute and granulomatous inflammation,

8 to 20 microns, doubly refractile cell wall,

may see pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia

Term

Coccidioidomycosis

 

(1)  infectious agent

 

(2)  location

 

(3)  vector

 

(4)  two forms

Definition

(1)  Coccidioides immitis

 

(2)  SW U.S.

 

(3)  inhalation of dust containing spores

 

(4)  primary nondisseminated form,

progressive disseminated form

Term

Coccidioidomycosis

 

primary nondisseminated form

(1)  oral presentation

(2)  prognosis

 

progressive disseminated form

(3)  sites attacked

(4)  prognosis

 

(5) histologic presentation

Definition

(1)  chronic, granulomatous, nonspecific ulcers. 

(2)  self-limiting and runs its course in ~2 weeks.

 

(3)  spreadds from the lungs to throughout the body.

(4)  about 50% end fatally, usually as a result of meningitis.

 

(5)  granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells. 

arthrospores measuring 10-80 microns and packed with endospores.

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