Term
| Phenylbutazone has a great _________ activity but a weak ______ and _______ activity. |
|
Definition
- anti-inflammatory
- analgesic
- antipyretic
|
|
|
Term
| What factor limits the usefulness of pyrazoles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name two conditions that pyrazoles are used in the treatment of? |
|
Definition
- acute gout
- acute rheumatoid arthritis
|
|
|
Term
| Are the pyrazoles superior to ASA and the newer NSAIDs? |
|
Definition
| No, ASA and the newer NSAIDs are superior to pyrazoles. |
|
|
Term
| What are the most serious adverse effects of pyrazoles? |
|
Definition
| agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Acetylsalicylic acid
- diflusinal
- salsalate
|
|
|
Term
| Name two types of pyrazoles? |
|
Definition
1. oxyphenbutazone 2. phenylbutazone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name one pyrrolopyrrole NSAID? |
|
Definition
| ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol.) |
|
|
Term
| Name one naphthylkanone NSAID? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- meclofenamate
- mefanamic acid
|
|
|
Term
| Name one pyranocarboxylic acid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name one quinazolinone NSAID? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name three ocular applications for diclofenac (Na-Voltaren (CIBA)? |
|
Definition
1. post refractive surgical pain 2. may be used with a bandage lens 3. corneal abrasions |
|
|
Term
| Which NSAID is used to pretreat cataract patients in an effort to reduce post operative pain without causing side effects? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does Diclofenac only inhibit COX? |
|
Definition
| No, it may also inhibit leukotriene production in addition to blocking COX |
|
|
Term
| Which NSAID decreseases post surgical inflammation and allergic conjunctivitis? |
|
Definition
| ketorolac tromethamine (acular)-allergan |
|
|
Term
| Which drug prevents surgical miosis, may be beneficial in the Tx of GPC, and may be useful in patients with CME (cystoid macular edema)? |
|
Definition
| suprofen-profenal (alcon) |
|
|
Term
| Which NSAID is effective in preventing intraoperative miosis and may be helpful in the treating of CME (cystoid macular edema)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which NSAIDs inhibit COX-2? |
|
Definition
- Celecoxib (Celebrex)
- Rofecoxib (Vioxx)
|
|
|
Term
| Which COX-2 selective inhibitor is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, not for analgesia, and in 100mg to 200mg amounts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does celecoxib increase bleeding time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name one advantage of Celecoxib over aspirin? |
|
Definition
| Celecoxib doesn not decrease platelet aggregation and does not increase bleeding time. It also minimizes gastric ulceration. |
|
|
Term
| What is a common dose of celecoxib? Rofecoxib (Vioxx)? |
|
Definition
1. 100-200 mg 2. 12.5-25 mg |
|
|
Term
| Which COX-2 inhibitor is useful in treating osteoarthritis and acute pain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What COX-2 inhibitor is contraindicated in patients who are allergic to sulfonamides? |
|
Definition
| Celecoxib, (If there is a history of sulfonamide allergy than use of a nonselective NSAID with a proton pump inhibitor would be recommended.) |
|
|
Term
| Name the agents that may interact with NSAIDs? |
|
Definition
- acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
- aminoglycosides
- anticooagulants (Orally; Ionically bound)
- antihypertensives
- ACE inhibitors
- Beta blockers
- diuretics
- digoxin
- Lithium
- metoclopramide
- methrotrexate
- probenecid
- phenytoin
- other non aspirin NSAIDs
|
|
|
Term
| Non narcotic analgesics such as acetominophen and phenacetin have less _______ _____ because they inhibit prostaglandin synthesis in the ____ less than in the _____ tissues. |
|
Definition
- anti-inflammatory activity
- CNS
- peripheral
|
|
|
Term
| Non narcotic analgesics such as acetaminophen and Phenacetin do not not ______ platelet function nor _____ blood clotting time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Phenacetin has the potential to produce _____ toxicity. It is no longer available in the U.S. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acetaminophen is an effective substitute for aspirin in patients in whom _____ and _____ is required, but have _______ complaints, or do not require the _______ in platelet aggregation or the _____ in blood clotting time or the ________ activity of aspirin. |
|
Definition
antipyresis analgesia gastric decrease increase anti-inflammatory |
|
|
Term
| What is the analgesic/antipyretic drug of choice in children with viral infections and chicken pox? (increased risk of Reye's syndrome) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why was phenacetin replaced in most headache preparations? |
|
Definition
Phenacetin has lower toxicity |
|
|
Term
| Acetominophen does not inhibit ______ and can be used in patients taking ______ for _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acetaminophen undergoes _______ first pass metabolism in the _____ of the ______ ______ and liver. |
|
Definition
- significant
- lumen
- small intestine
|
|
|
Term
| _______ is converted to acetominophen in 3 hours after administration. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acetominophen is normally metabolized by ______ and ______ to it's inactive metabolites. |
|
Definition
- glucuronidation
- sulfoxidation
|
|
|
Term
| Some acetaminophen is hydroxylated to _________, which is highly reactive and potentially toxic metabolite that reacts with _______ _______. |
|
Definition
- N-acetylbenzoquinoemine
- sulfhydryl groups
|
|
|
Term
| At ____ doses, the ________ metabolites react with ______ forming a non toxic compound that is excreted in the ______. |
|
Definition
normal N-acetylbenzoquinoemine glutathione urine |
|
|
Term
At normal therapeutic doses, acetaminophen is usually ____ of any significant adverse effects. _____ _____and _____ ______ ______ may occur infrequently. Minor transient elevations in _______ may occur. |
|
Definition
free skin rashes minor allergic reactions leukocytes |
|
|
Term
| A rare complication of _____ ______ and _____ _____ may occur after prolonged large dose therapy of acetaminophen. ________ is the antidote if administered within 10hrs. of overdose. |
|
Definition
renal necrosis hypoglycemic coma N-acetylcysteine |
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