Term
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Definition
- Prototype for strong opioids
- relieves pain without affecting other senses
- therapeutic use: relief of moderate to severe pain in labor, postoperative, chronic cancer pain, drowsiness, mental clouding, reduces anxiety, sense of well being
- ADR: CNS/Periphery action; respiratory depression, urinary retention, orthostatic hypotension, GI, emesis, miosis, cough suppression, biliary colic, suppression of bowel motility and sedation may be positive or negative.
- route: HIGH FIRST PASS EFFECT, given orally, IM, IV, subQ 6-8 hours in opioid naiive patients.
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Term
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Definition
- potent and used in anesthesia and for cancer/chronic pain relief
- 75-125x more potent than morphine
- onset is from 1 min, peaks at 5 min. duration is 30-60 min by IV
- route: parenteral, transdermal patch for chronic pain due to longer actions, IV, transmucosal
- contraindications: 14 days of MAO inhibitor use
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Term
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Definition
- synthetic,mostly binds to kappa
- shorter action tha morphine (2-4hr), use analgesia
- ADRs: post-operative hypotension, toxic metabolite normeperedine can build and cause tremors, muscle twitches, and convulsions
- contraindicated: patients taking MAO inhibitors
- Router: IM
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Term
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Definition
- synthetic
- similar to morpine without euphoria
- loger furation than morphine
- route: orally effective
- Use: control morphine withdrawel
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Term
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Definition
- Prototype for moderate agonist opioid
- less potent then morphine
- schedule II
- lower therapeutic index than morphine (lower dose needed)
- therapeutic use: mild to moderate pain, cough suppresant
- ADRs: drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, nausea and vomiting, respiratory depression, CV effects.
- avoid giving to patients who require a cough reflex
- route: oral
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