Term
| What patients are most suseptible to an anaerobic infection |
|
Definition
Trauma, Surgery
Vascular Insufficiency
Diabetics |
|
|
Term
| What are the standard practices for treatment of a Anaerobic infection |
|
Definition
Debridement
Drain Abcesses
Re-establish Blood flow
Systemic Antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| What is the most frequent pathogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which anaerobic pathogen is Gram (-) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What diseases does bacteroides typically cause? |
|
Definition
Peritonitis
Local Abcesses
Metastatic Abcesses |
|
|
Term
| What is the virulence factors of Bacteroides |
|
Definition
Polysaccride Capsule(anti phagocytic and abcess forming)
Enzymes-> Abcess formation
SOD and Catalase-> Aerotolerant |
|
|
Term
| How does bacteroides typically present and how is it treated? |
|
Definition
Intestinal Spillage, Faculatative use O2, baceroides forms an Abcess
Rx: with Combo containing Metronidazole bc aminoglyside resistant and PCN resistant |
|
|
Term
| Decribe the characteristics of Actinomyces |
|
Definition
Non-spore forming Gram (+) Rod
Branching Filamentous growth
Sulfur Granules
Opportunistic |
|
|
Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of actinomyces infection and their cause |
|
Definition
Cervicofacial- Dental procedure
Abdominal- Ruptured Bowel
Thoracic-Aspiration
Pelvic- Old IUD
Brain Abcesses |
|
|
Term
| What is the laboraory diagnosis of Actinomyces |
|
Definition
In-vivo: sulfur Granules
Invitro: Gram(+) Filamentous on Thioglycollate Agar |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of Clostridium perfringens |
|
Definition
Gram (+)
Obligate Anaerobe
Endogenous and Exogenous |
|
|
Term
| How does clostridium perfringens infection present? |
|
Definition
Gas Gangrene/Myonecrosis
Crepitation
Shock/Death |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of C. tetani |
|
Definition
Gram (+) Spore forming Rod
Motile
Drumstick Appearance
Soil |
|
|
Term
| What are the virulence factors of C. perfringens? |
|
Definition
Alpha Toxin- Lecithanase
Degrading Enzymes |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose and treat C. perfringens infection |
|
Definition
Culture w/ biochem tests
Pencillin + Wound care |
|
|
Term
| What is the virulence of C.tetani |
|
Definition
| Tetanospasmin blocks Gaba and Glycine Release |
|
|
Term
| What are the manifestations of C. tetani |
|
Definition
Trismus(first sign)
Opistothonos
Respiratory Faliure
Neonatal(Umbilical Contamination) |
|
|
Term
| Does you body produce immunity to C. tetani? |
|
Definition
| No, the immunogenic amount of toxin is lethal |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat a tetanus infection |
|
Definition
Tetanus Immunoglobulin
Surgical debridement
Metronidazole
Supportive therapy |
|
|
Term
| What type of vaccine is the tetanus vaccine? |
|
Definition
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