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Operations Management Test 5
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46
Management
Undergraduate 1
11/08/2016

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Term
Resource Management
Definition
Deals with the planning, execution, and control of all the resources that are used to produce goods or provide services in a value chain
Term
Type of resources
Definition
Materials and equipment
Facilities
Information
Technical knowledge and skills
People
Term
Objectives of Resource Management
Definition
Maximize profits and customer satisfaction
Minimize costs
Maximize benefits to stakeholders for not-for-profit organizations
Term
Aggregate Planning
Definition
level of resource planning that is developing a long-term output and resource plan in aggregate units of measure. 1-2 years.Focuses on product families and total capacity requirements. Also helps define budget allocations and associated resource requirements
Term
Disaggregation
Definition
Level of resource planning that involves the process of translating aggregate plans into short-term operational plans. provides the basis for weekly and daily schedules and detail resource requirements. Sets order sizes and schedules
Term
Execution
Definition
Level of resource planning that involves moving work from one workstation to another, assigning people to tasks, setting priorities for jobs, scheduling equipment, ans controlling processes.
Term
Level Production Strategy
Definition
strategy of aggregate planning that plans for the same production rate in each time period
Term
Chase demand strategy
Definition
strategy in aggregate planning that sets the production rate equal to the demand in each time period (alternative to the level production strategy)
Term
Master Production Schedule
Definition
technique of disagreggation where the a statement of how many items are to be produced and when they are to be produced. Developed weekly for 6-12 month horizons.
Term
Final assembly schedule
Definition
quantity and timing for assembling subassemblies and component parts into a final finished good.
Term
Materials Requirements Planning (MRP)
Definition
forward-looking, demand-based aproach for planning the production of manufactures good and ordering materials and components. It is used to minimize unnecessary inventories and reduce costs
Term
Bill of Materials (BOM)
Definition
hierarchical relationships between all items that comprise a finished good, purchased parts, and manufactures in-house parts
Term
Bill of Labor (BOL)
Definition
Hierarchical record analogous to a BOM that defines labor inputs necessary to create a good or service
Term
End items
Definition
finished goods scheduled in MPS or FAS that must be forecasted
Term
Parent Item
Definition
Manufactured from one or more componens
Term
Components
Definition
any item other than an end item that goes into a higher-level parent item
Term
subassembly
Definition
composed of at least one immediate parent and at lest one immediate component
Term
MRP Explosion
Definition
Process of using the logic of dependent demand to calculate the quantity and timing of orders.
Term
Time Buckets
Definition
Time period size used in the MRP explosion process and are one week in length
Term
MRP Record
Definition
Made of: gross requirements
Scheduled or planned receipts
& Panned order receipts
Projected on-hand inventory
Planned order release
Term
Planned order release (PORel)
Definition
specifies the planned quantity and time an order is to be released to the factory or a supplier
Term
Projected on-hand inventory (POH)
Definition
expected amount of inventory on hand at the beginning of the time period. Considers on hand inventory from prev period plus the scheduled receipts or planned order receipts minus the gross requirements
Term
Gross Requirements (GR)
Definition
total demand for an item derived from all of its parents
Term
Scheduled or planned receipt (S/PR)
Definition
orders that are due or planned to be delivered
Term
Planned order receipt (PORec)
Definition
Specifies the quantity and time an order is to be received
Term
Lot Sizing
Definition
Process of determining the appropriate amount and timing of ordering to reduce costs
Term
Methods for MRP
Definition
Lot-for Lot (LFL)
Fixed order quantity (FOQ)
Periodic Order Quantity (POQ)
Term
Lot-for-lot (LFL)
Definition
ordering schedule that covers the gross requirements for each week. Best applied when inventory-carrying costs are high and setup/order costs are low
Term
Fixed order quantity (FOQ)
Definition
uses a fixed order size for every order or production run
Term
Periodic Order Quantity (POQ)
Definition
Orders a quantity equal to the gross requirement quantity in one or more predetermined time periods minus the projected on-hand quantity in one or more predetermined time periods minus the projected on-hand quantity of the previous time period
Term
Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP)
Definition
Process of determining the amt of labor and machine resources required to accomplish the tasks of production on a more detailed level (taking into account all component parts and end items in the materials plan)Computed by multiplying the number of units to be produced by the resource requirements and then adding in the setup time.
Term
Staff Scheduling
Definition
Attempting to match available personnel with the needs of the organization by:
Accurately forecasting the demand of work
Determining the staffing required by time period
Determining the full and part-time mix
Matching capacity to demand requirements with an efficient work schedule
Term
Steps of Staff Scheduling
Definition
1) Converting demand to a capacity measure
2)Determining the quantity and timing of the work to be done in detail
3) Determining the staffing required with variables
4) Match the capacity to demand requirements
Term
Appointment Systems
Definition
Accommodate customers and forecast their behavior (they can be viewed as a reservation for service time and capacity)
Term
Appointment Systems Design Related Decisions
Definition
1)appointment time interval
2) Length of workday and time off-duty
3)Handling Over-booking
4) Appointment rules that maximize customer satisfaction
Term
Sequencing
Definition
Required when several activities must be processed using a common resource. It determines the order in which jobs of tasks are processed
Term
Process-focused performance
Definition
sequencing performance criteria that pertains only to information about the start and end times of jobs and focus on shop performance such as equipment utilization and WIP
Term
Flow Time
Definition
common measure of process-focused performance that measures the amount of time spent in the shop or factory
Term
Makespan
Definition
common measure of prossed-focused performance that measures the time needed to process a given set of jobs
Term
Lateness
Definition
common measure of customer-focused the difference between the completion time and the due date
Term
Tardiness
Definition
common measure of customer-focused due date of the amount of time by which the completion time exceeds the due date
Term
Shortest Processing Time (SPT)
Definition
sequencing that maximizes resource utilization and minimizes average flow time and WIP inventory
Term
Earliest Due Date (EDD)
Definition
Sequencing that minimizes the maximum job tardiness and lateness
Term
Sequencing Priority Rules when Jobs Arrive Intermittenly
Definition
First Come-First Serve (FCFS)
Fewest number of operations remaining (FNO)
Least Work Remaining (FWO)
Least Amount of Work at the Next Process Queue (LWNQ)
Term
Gantt Charts
Definition
a useful tool for monitoring schedules, they help keep track of jobs that are behind, on, or ahead of schedule
Term
Scheduling
Definition
defined as the assignment of start and completion times to particular jobs, people, or equipment
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