Term
| Which tools allows you to identify hazards? |
|
Definition
| JHA's & FLRA's establish potential problems |
|
|
Term
| The client must ensure that what is prepared for the crane? |
|
Definition
Access roads are adequate
Locations are firm and level
Operating locations are away from trenches
Blocking is available
Operating locations away from power lines
Room for crane erection
Access to site is restricted to authorized personnel
Competent rigging crew are involved |
|
|
Term
| When you are getting ready to select your crane what must you keep in mind? |
|
Definition
What is the load?
Where are you picking from?
Where is it going to land? |
|
|
Term
| What kind of site limitations would you have to be aware of when filling out a JHA? |
|
Definition
Utilities
Power lines
Access/Egress |
|
|
Term
Company controlling the crane must
(6 examples) |
|
Definition
Access roads are adequately prepared
Room to erect boom
Blocking is available to support boom when being assembled
Maximum radius, load and lift height are known
Adequate swing clearances
Public access to lift area is prohibited |
|
|
Term
| Which criteria would you need to know prior to selecting the crane to be used? |
|
Definition
% of capacity
Radius of load
Site limitations |
|
|
Term
| What two criteria must be kept as low as possible when getting ready to set up a lift plan? |
|
Definition
Keep your % of capacity as low as possible
Keep your radius as low as possible |
|
|
Term
| When setting up a lift plan, which site limitations must you pay special attention to? |
|
Definition
Keep your % of capacity as low as possible
Keep your radius as low as possible |
|
|
Term
| When setting up a lift plan, which site limitations must you pay special attention to? |
|
Definition
Crane clearance
Head room
Rigging Clearance |
|
|
Term
| When setting up your crane, if you still have one tire touching the ground, what must be used? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If all the outrigger beams are not fully extended, what happens to capacity? |
|
Definition
| If they are not fully extended, capacity drops sharply & on rubber chart must be used |
|
|
Term
| What is the law regarding outrigger actuation? |
|
Definition
| Operator must be able to see the outrigger being actuated |
|
|
Term
| What happens if you do not pin your float to your outrigger cylinder? |
|
Definition
| If it is not pinned it will separate from the beam, if the frame twists the beam will lift under the load |
|
|
Term
| When calculating the ground bearing pressures created by the crane, what must you keep in mind for maximum pressure generated? |
|
Definition
| Much of the total weight of the crane load can be transmitted to only one outrigger |
|
|
Term
| How can you counter soft ground deflection? |
|
Definition
| Prevent this by blocking under outrigger floats to distribute the cranes load over as large an area as possible |
|
|
Term
| Blocking of outriggers needs to be? |
|
Definition
| Tightly spaced, ridged and at least 3 times the area and completely support the float |
|
|
Term
| What will span blocking cause? |
|
Definition
Cause the float to fail at approximately half its design load.
Float will be subjected to bending and may crack |
|
|
Term
The bottom of the float and the outriggers jacks cylinder must be at what angle
& why? |
|
Definition
| 90% if it is northern float collar can fail, float can slip, cylinder can fail |
|
|
Term
| What does blocking under the outrigger beams create? |
|
Definition
| This will create an inside tipping point & reduce stability |
|
|
Term
| How can you minimize the pressure created by the lifting operation? |
|
Definition
| Use blocking under the floats |
|
|
Term
| How far must you stay back from an excavation? |
|
Definition
2 to 1 for soft soil
1 to 1 for hard soil |
|
|
Term
What is the formula for pressure?
And what are the units of measure? |
|
Definition
Pressure= force divided by area
P=pressure
F= weight of load + weight of crane
A= diameter of pad |
|
|
Term
| In which position does a crawler create a higher ground pressure? |
|
Definition
| Over the corner creates the highest ground pressure |
|
|
Term
| Which component on a crawler will allow it to have a full 360 chart |
|
Definition
| Extending the tracks will allow it to have a full 360 chart |
|
|
Term
| Why would hard ground create higher ground pressures from a crawler crane? |
|
Definition
Less surface area for track pad to sit on
Soft ground creates more surface area for track pad to sit on |
|
|
Term
| Name three methods of levelling crane? |
|
Definition
Target level in the cab
Carpenters level on car body
Using cranes hook as a plum bob |
|
|
Term
| Why is it important to have your crane level? |
|
Definition
| Charts are created for a level crane |
|
|
Term
| Setting up a carrier based crane, what must you ensure? |
|
Definition
Outriggers are fully extended
All tires are off the ground
Floats are set on pads & the crane is on firm footing |
|
|
Term
| When assembling a crawler, which parts should be installed first? |
|
Definition
| Unloading and assembly of each track |
|
|
Term
| Which counterweights should be installed first |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a cantilever limit referring to lattice boom instillation |
|
Definition
| Refers to how many boom sections you can install before moving pendants further down the line |
|
|
Term
| Where is the best place to lift boom sections from? |
|
Definition
Lift from the pin connection points, if unable lift from cords
Never lift from lattice |
|
|
Term
| For handling boom sections, how would you use chains? |
|
Definition
| Never use chains to hoist or tie down boom sections |
|
|
Term
Which part of crane assembly (other than jibs)
Cause the most deaths |
|
Definition
| Improper procedures when assembling booms |
|
|
Term
| When removing pins from boom sections, what must you ensure? |
|
Definition
Don't touch pins on boom sections located between the pendants & the crane
The tension can cause the boom to buckle |
|
|
Term
| When can you start pounding pins during boom erection? |
|
Definition
| When the boom is fully supported on blocking |
|
|
Term
| Where is the death zone when assembling a lattice boom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where should you pound pins from? |
|
Definition
| Pound pins from the outside of the boom |
|
|
Term
| What should you be looking for during final inspection of boom? |
|
Definition
Full pin and keeper inspection
Forgotten tools
Damage to boom sections |
|
|
Term
| On conventional cranes what must you ensure when chaining down to a trailer for transport? |
|
Definition
Cross chain the upper to the lower
Or to the trailer |
|
|
Term
| What does the elevation view provide you in a lift plan? |
|
Definition
Clearances
Boom tip height
Block height
Radius
Rigging height |
|
|
Term
| In a plan view what is the most important portion? |
|
Definition
The radius
Starting to final positions
Distance to obstructions
Tail swing |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 items the owner would need to ensure |
|
Definition
Operator is well trained
Operator is capable of carrying out responsibilities
Maintenance crew is competent
Ongoing training for all personnel |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 items the owner will need to ensure? |
|
Definition
-Assigning responsibilities and ensuring authority of responsibilities are carried out
-crane maintenance and inspection program
-ensuring client is aware of their responsibilities(site prep) |
|
|
Term
| When is the operator responsible for the safety of the operation? |
|
Definition
| As soon as the load is lifted clear of the ground |
|
|
Term
| Name 5 of the operators responsibilities? |
|
Definition
Knowing the crane manual
Knowing load charts
Inspecting and maintaining crane
Informing owner of problems with crane in writing
Record in log book details of maintenance |
|
|
Term
| Name 5 more responsibilities of the operator |
|
Definition
Supervising & training the oiler
Aware of site conditions
(Power lines)
Ensuring site is prepped
Review operation & requirements with client (site supervisor)
Finding out load and rigging weight and load placement |
|
|
Term
| Name 5 more of the operators responsibilities |
|
Definition
Determine parts of line
Ensure crane has sufficient net capacity for the lift
Select best config
Proper setup
Knowing how to rig |
|
|
Term
| Name 5 more of the operators responsibilities |
|
Definition
Maintain comm with signalman
Operate in smooth safe manner
Securing crane when leaving cab
Capable of performing duties
Factors that might reduce capacity |
|
|
Term
| How do site supervision and crane operator interact in regards to the safety of the operation? |
|
Definition
| Client has responsibility& must plan everything, he must cooperate with operator who has final say regarding the safety of the operation |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 of the site supervisions (clients) responsibilities |
|
Definition
Supervising all work involving crane
Determine correct weight radius and inform operator
Competent experienced riggers
Supervise the rigging crew |
|
|
Term
Name 4 more of the site supervisions(clients)
Responsibilities |
|
Definition
Load is properly rigged
Signalman is competent
Identify signalman to operator
Keep public clear of operation
Precautions are taken near power lines |
|
|
Term
| Name 5 responsibilities of maintenance personnel |
|
Definition
Use of OEM parts or parts
All components brought to zero energy
Hydronic pressure brought to zero energy
Equipment locked out
Controls set to neutral |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 responsibilities of the rigger |
|
Definition
Experienced and capable
Knows how to establish weights
Knows correct rigging for lift |
|
|
Term
| Regarding finding the weight of the load, what is the operators responsibilities? |
|
Definition
| The operator is not responsible for determining the weight of the load, however if he does lift without knowing, the responsibility is totally on him |
|
|
Term
| As a journey person, how can you help new apprentices learn? |
|
Definition
Pass on knowledge
Help coach new apprentices
Set up a lesson show them how to do it, let them do it on their own, let them know how they did |
|
|
Term
| How do you know if a load is stable? |
|
Definition
COG is lower than the attachment points of the load
Crane hook is directly over the COG |
|
|
Term
| What does a loads CofG always try to do? |
|
Definition
A loads CofG
Will always attempt to position it self directly under your hook |
|
|
Term
| Why are boom angle indicators unreliable? |
|
Definition
They can be out by 2%
Does not account for deflection
Does not account for wear on wear pads |
|
|
Term
| What will slack rope ultimately do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name seven causes of poor drum winding or slack rope |
|
Definition
Incorrect fleet angle
Rope is to stiff for drum
Sheaves are poorly lubricated
Sudden change in rope tension
Rope incorrectly installed on drum
Ball or block to light
Dropped block or ball |
|
|
Term
How do you fix improper wound cable?
How do you ensure it is installed correctly? |
|
Definition
Right hand, right hand lay
Left hand, left hand lay
RH Palm down overwound
LH Palm down under wound
RH Palm up under wound
LH Palm up under wound |
|
|
Term
| What are acceptable fleet angles? |
|
Definition
Grooved drum 2%
Smooth drum 1 1/2% |
|
|
Term
| What would you do to rectify an improperly wound cable do to stiffness of the rope? |
|
Definition
The cable requires a larger diameter drum
Or the drum requires a more supple cable |
|
|
Term
| How can cold weather affect the spooling of the rope |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does suddenly stopping the load do? |
|
Definition
| Can cause the cable to jump, this will cause slack in the line |
|
|
Term
Which slack rope condition occurs often?
How is it a problem? |
|
Definition
Block or ball to light, to keep rope taut
Ensure you have heavy enough ball or block for the length of boom, rope type, and crane config. |
|
|
Term
| Give one example of sudden change in rope tension? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you need to leave your crane unattended, what precautions must you make? |
|
Definition
Lower load to ground
Controls in neutral
Disconnect PTO
Set brakes & locking devices
Lock doors |
|
|
Term
| Which precautions must you take relating to the proximity of your crane to an obstruction |
|
Definition
| Entry shall be prevented by barriers if your more than 2 feet away |
|
|
Term
| If you must work near power lines, what must be provided? |
|
Definition
A designated competent signal person, if signalman is not provided use a WADS
(Work area definition system) |
|
|
Term
| What must be done prior to starting work near power lines? |
|
Definition
A MSAD must be established
Ensure any part of crane & load are kept away from power lines
7 meters |
|
|
Term
| If you make contact with power lines, what must you do? |
|
Definition
Remain in cab if feasible
Communicate with hand signals
Move crane contact point away from power lines of you can break free
Remain inside until power is disconnected
Jump with both feet together
Shuffle away from crane |
|
|
Term
| Why would you not use your wire rope after contact with power lines? |
|
Definition
Wires and strands may be welded together
Disregard rope |
|
|
Term
| How does the boom design work in regards to the booms strength? |
|
Definition
| Boom is at its strongest at highest allowable angle, compression occurs, & dissipates through crane |
|
|
Term
| What could contact to the boom do |
|
Definition
| Contact will dent, bow or bend portions of the boom which may cause total boom collapse |
|
|
Term
Which functions could cause two blocking?
Which is most dangerous? |
|
Definition
Cable up
Scope out
Boom down with ball close to boom tip
Scoping out is the most dangerous* |
|
|
Term
| Which component was introduced to prevent two blocking, and how does it function? |
|
Definition
Anti two block device
Weight on rope connected to switch, weight is lifted when ball hits it, switch is triggered, locks out some functions on crane |
|
|
Term
| When scoping out, what rule must be followed, and why? |
|
Definition
Scope out boom sections evenly (in sync)
Load charts are designed to sections of boom being evenly distributed |
|
|
Term
Hand signals
Release magnet |
|
Definition
| Arms stretched out palms up |
|
|
Term
Hand signals
Lower load slowly |
|
Definition
| Hand pointed down, slow circular motion, other hand Palm up under hand pointed down |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Hand signals
Boom up hold load? |
|
Definition
| Arm extended thumb pointing up, fingers flexing in and out, with thumb continually extended |
|
|
Term
Hand signals
Retract the boom? |
|
Definition
| 2 hands extended, palms down, thumbs pointed towards each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Arms extended, Palm down, swing arms towards chest, back out, continue action until signal is confirmed by operator |
|
|
Term
Hand signals
Dog everything |
|
Definition
Hands out front, interlock hands between thumbs and index fingers, continue this until operator acknowledges signal
This signal means workers are close to load
Take hands off controls |
|
|
Term
Tele communications
Facing operator
Move load to left 4' closer to u 7' |
|
Definition
Operator swing to right4'
Boom down hold load 7' |
|
|
Term
On rubber lifting,
What precautions,
Which components must be checked? |
|
Definition
Axel lockout
Tires, rating, condition & inflation
Designated crane speed not to be exceeded |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
On rubber over the front
On rubber 360*
On rubber pick and carry |
|
|
Term
| When lifting on rubber what will happen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When doing a pick and carry operation, why would you carry the load low? |
|
Definition
| Load line can act a large a shock absorber |
|
|
Term
| When doing a pick and carry, what should you avoid? |
|
Definition
Sudden starts and stops
High boom angle
Uneven ground
Avoid slopes |
|
|
Term
| Which precautions must you follow when doing a pick and carry? |
|
Definition
Use swing lock
Creep mode
Short boom
Maintain control of load
Watch clearances
Use restraint lines |
|
|
Term
| When going backwards during a pick and carry what precautions must you follow, and why? |
|
Definition
Ensure load is tied back to crane(snubbing)
If not the load may swing out causing a further radius causing further tipping |
|
|
Term
| If you travel on unleavened ground during a pick and carry which rules should you follow? |
|
Definition
Ensure a large margin of capacity
Move load in stages
Keep load on uphill side of crane
Do not swing crane
Block tracks on crawler when stopped
Watch for unstable crane during release of load |
|
|
Term
| List 8 examples of critical lifts |
|
Definition
Multi crane lifts
Lifts over or near operating equipment
Lifts over or near power lines
Gross load exceeds 75% of gross capacity
Lifting personnel
Weather conditions
Weight of load
Near or over water |
|
|
Term
| Who should be a part of a critical lift? |
|
Definition
Experienced operators
Competent personnel |
|
|
Term
| When setting up a critical lift what must be known? |
|
Definition
Total gross load
Expected weather conditions
Radius
Boom length
Boom angle |
|
|
Term
| What can cause a lattice boom to collapse backwards? |
|
Definition
Sudden forward movement at high boom angle
Sudden release of load
Two blocking
Stoping swing suddenly
High wind speeds |
|
|
Term
| Which angle should boom be at when installing or removing jib? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The jibs capacity is based on? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When using radios, their should be a ----- radio Chanel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When radio man is giving signals, what 3 things should be established? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 50% of incidents are due to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Minimum safe approach distance |
|
|
Term
| Rule of thumb, how far should you stay away from power lines? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How far away from power lines should you set up? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How to determine weight of load? |
|
Definition
Load weight stamped on load
Shipping bills
Load weight devices
Trade calculations |
|
|
Term
| What not to use to determine weight of load? |
|
Definition
| Do not use signs of tipping to determine weight |
|
|
Term
| What must a journeyman have on him at all times? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pick and carry operation do not exceed -------Mph |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When using pick and carry you must ensure you are on ---------
Ground |
|
Definition
|
|
