Shared Flashcard Set

Details

OPAT
Connective Tissue II
43
Pathology
Professional
01/11/2012

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What systemic syndrome is associated with Schwannoma?
Definition
Neurofibromatosis Type II
Term
What systemic syndrome is associated with Neurofibroma?
Definition
Neurofibromatosis Type I
Term
What is the systemic syndrome associated with Mucosal Neuromas?
Definition
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome Type III (MEN III or IIB)
Term
What are the smooth muscle neoplasms?
Definition

Leiomyoma (benign)

Leiomyosarcoma (malignant)

Term
What are the skeletal muscle neoplasms?
Definition

Rhabdomyoma (benign)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (malignant)

Term
What is the pathogenesis of a Traumatic Neuroma? (Reactive, Neural Lesion)
Definition

- Caused by injury to peripheral nerve (ex: tooth extraction, or LA injection, or accident)

 

- Transection of a sensory nerve can result in inflammation and scarring in the area of injury bc the nerve segment is attempting to proliferate

Term
In an Immunohistochemistry profile, what would differentiate a tumor of neural origin?
Definition
A tumor of neural origin would be positive for S-100
Term
What are common sites for a Traumatic neuroma?
Definition

Soft tissue: lower lip, tongue, buccal mucosa and palate

 

Intrabony: Mental foramen, or extractions sites in the ant max and post mand

Term
Treatment for Traumatic neuroma?
Definition
Surgical excision (recurrence is infrequent)
Term
What is a related lesion to Granular Cell Tumors?
Definition
Congenital epulis
Term
What are the clinical features of a Granular Cell Tumor?
Definition
- Benign tumor, neural sheath origin
- Any age, females slightly more than males
- Any site; usualy the tongue
- Asymptomatic
- Same or lighter in color than mucosa
- Intact overlying epithelium
Term
Histopathology description: "Large, uniform cells w/ granular cytoplasm, overlying pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, cells positive for S-100"

Which neural neoplasm is this?
Definition
Granular cell tumor
Term
Where is a Schwannoma most likely found?
Definition
On the tongue, but could be found in any oral site
Term
Where is a neurofibroma most commonly found?
Definition
Tongue and buccal mucosa, but could be anywhere.
Can also occur intrabony
Term
Where are Mucosal Neuromas usually found?
Definition
Tongue, buccal mucosa, and Lip***

***If found on the lip (commissure) very like to have the associated systemic syndrome MEN III (IIB)
Term
Histology description: "Antony A and Antony B patterns, positive for S-100, actin and desmin stains are negative"

Which neural lesion is this?
Definition
Schwannoma (Neurilemmoma)
Term
Histology description: "Haphazardly arranged spindle cells (Schwann)"

What neural lesion is this?
Definition
Neurofibroma
Term
Why is is important to determine if a patient has Neurofibromatosis type I in a patient with neurofibromas?
Definition
Because a patient with NF1 has a 5-15% chance that the neurofibroma will undergo malignant transformation to a neurogenic sarcoma
Term
What are phenotypic expressions of Neurofibromatosis I?
Definition
- Cutaneous Neurofibromas
- Neurofibroma on tongue and enlarged fungiform papillae
- Cafe au lait pigmentation (smooth edges)
- Plexiform Neurofibroma
Term
What conditions are associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome Type III (MEN III)?
Definition
- Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid
- Pheochromocytoma of adrenal glands (hypertension)
- Mucosal Neuromas*
- Marfanoid (long) body

*could be found in oral cavity
Term
Histological description: "Hamartoma of the nerve tissue with the main difference being the thickening of the perineurium"

What neural lesion is this?
Definition
Mucosal neuromas of MEN III syndrome
Term
What is the significance of diagnosing mucosal neuromas?
Definition
They may be the first sign in the potentially fatal Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type III
Term
What is the 5 year survival rate for medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (associated with MEN III)?
Definition
about 50%
Term
Which oral tumor of neural origin is not associated to any systemic syndromes?
Definition
Palisaded Encapsulated Neuroma (solitary circumscribed Neuroma)
Term
What is the name of a rare malignancy that develops from either a preexisting neurofibroma or de novo, and could also be a complication of neurofibromatosis?
Definition
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor
Term
What is the common sites for Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor?
Definition
Soft tissue or intrabony
Term
Histopathology:
The lesion is composed of:
- Abundant spindle cells and wavy nuclei
- Variable numbers of abnormal mitotic figures
- Streaming and palisading of nuclei are often seen
- Nuclear pleomorphism

What lesion is this?
Definition
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath Tumor
Term
What is the tx for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor?
Definition
Wide surgical excision but recurrence is common
5 year survival rate 40%, if the pt has NF the rate is 15%
Term
What lesion is described as a rare malignant lesion that arises from olfactory tissue in the superior portion of the nasal cavity?
Definition
Olfactory Neuroblastoma (Esthesioneuroblastoma)
Term
What are symptoms of Olfactory Neuroblastoma?
Definition
Epistaxis, rhinorrhea, or nasal obstruction

These are very similar characteristics to a benign condition called Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma
Term
Histological description: "Small, undifferentiated, round blue cells with little visible cytoplasm. Pseudorosette and rosettes. Compartmentalization" What lesion is this?
Definition
Olfactory Neuroblastoma
Term
What is the name of an uncommon reactive lesion of skeletal muscles in which ossification occurs?
Definition
Myositis Ossificans (muscle, reactive lesion)
Term
What is the common sites for Myositis ossificans?
Definition
In the head and neck it commonly occurs in masseter and SCM
Term
Radiographically what does myositis ossificans look like?
Definition
Feathery opacification
Term
What would be a differential dx for myositis ossificans?
Definition
Osteosarcoma
Term
Tumor is positive for actin and negative for desmin, what could it be?
Definition
Myofibroma
Term
Tumor is positive for actin and negative for desmin, what could it be?
Definition
Myofibroma
Term
Tumor is positive for actin and desmin, what could it be?
Definition
Leiomyoma/sarcoma
Term
Tumor is negative for actin and positive for desmin, what could it be?
Definition
Rhabdomyoma/sarcoma
Term
What type of lesion would appear like any other benign soft tissue lesion but have a yellowish hue to it?
Definition
Lipoma (fat lesion)
Term
Histology: Irregular fat cells with atypical nuclei.

What is this describing?
Definition
Liposarcoma
Term
What is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in pediatric patients?
Definition
Rhabdomyosarcoma
Term
Histology: Spindle cells with atypical nuclei, infiltrative invasive borders, necrosis, >2 mitotic figures/10high power field.

What is this?
Definition
Leiomyosarcoma
Supporting users have an ad free experience!