Term
| TART at C2 on the left can reflect a viscerosomatic reflex from... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does restriction of motion END FEEL for a viscerosomatic reflex SD differ from that of a structural SD? |
|
Definition
| tends to be more rubbery vs. firm |
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: HEENT/Neck sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: HEENT/Neck parasympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: T1-5 (Left>Right)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Cardiac parasympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: T2 on the L is specific for... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Pulmonary sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sympathetics from T1-4 go to which major parts? |
|
Definition
| HEENT/neck, cardiac (+T5), pulmonary |
|
|
Term
| The “asthma reflex” is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Vagal stimulation can exacerbate
_________; don’t treat C2
during a ____________. |
|
Definition
| bronchospasm, acute asthma attack |
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Pulmonary parasympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| GI Tract sympathetics: ___ to ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Esophagus sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: GI parasympathetics? |
|
Definition
| C0, C1, C2 up to transverse colon, S2-S4 (pelvic splanchics) transverse colon to anus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: duodenum sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Liver and gall bladder sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: T5-T9 bilateral? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Spleen sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: T8-10 bilateral? |
|
Definition
| Small intestine, sympathetics |
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Colon and rectum? |
|
Definition
| T10-L2, ascending - right, descending - left |
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: T9-L1 bilateral? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Kidney parasympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Ureters and bladder sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Ureters and bladder parasympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Prostate sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Prostate parasympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gonads and fallopian tubes, sympathetics |
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Fallopian tubes parasympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Uterus and cervix sympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| VS Reflex: Uterus and cervix paraympathetics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Small points of increased tenderness and sensitivity found in the deep fascial
layers that correlate with increased sympathetic tone to a particular area of
the body. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the qualities of a Chapman point |
|
Definition
| Small, smooth, firm, 2 to 3 mm |
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - adrenals? |
|
Definition
| 1 inch lateral, 2 inches superior to umbilicus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1 inch lateral and 1 inch superior to umbilicus |
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - umbilical area/intertransverse space of T12/L1 and L1/L2? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - T8-10 bilateral R>L? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - appendix? |
|
Definition
| T12 right, tip of 12th rib |
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - Cecum and ascending colon? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - L2-3 Left? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - iliotibial band? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - Pancreas? |
|
Definition
| Lateral to costal cartilage b/w 7th & 8th ribs on right, btw TP of T7-8 Right |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C2 Left, T3 Right, T5 Left, T7 Right |
|
|
Term
| Chapman Points - Right side, under costal cartilages of ribs 5, 6 and 7? |
|
Definition
| Liver, Liver and Gall Bladder, Pancreas |
|
|
Term
| Chapman Points - Left side, under costal cartilages of ribs 5, 6 and 7? |
|
Definition
| Stomach Acid, Stomach Peristalsis, Spleen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anterior: myofascial tissues along the superior margin of the pubic ramus about 2cm lateral to the symphysis |
|
|
Term
| Chapman Reflex - Prostate? |
|
Definition
| Anterior: myofascial tissues along the posterior margin of the iliotibial band |
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - Bronchial? |
|
Definition
Anterior: Intercostal space b/w 2nd and 3rd ribs close to the sternum
Posterior: Midway b/w SP and the tips of the TP at T2 |
|
|
Term
Chapman Point - Anterior: Intercostal space b/w 3rd and 4th ribs close to the sternum
Posterior: Midway b/w the SP and the tips of the TP of T3 and T4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chapman Point - Lower lung? |
|
Definition
Anterior: Intercostal space b/w the 4th and 5th ribs close to the sternum
Posterior: Midway b/w the SP and the tips of the TP of T4 and T5 |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of treating Chapman points? |
|
Definition
| Decrease sympathetic tone |
|
|
Term
| Where are the anterior CS points for the cervical spine (C2-6)? |
|
Definition
Anterior surface of transverse processes; not on the SCM but process of the vertebral segment
(C2-C6) SCM crosses this line of these points |
|
|
Term
| Where are the posterior CS points for the cervical spine (C2-6)? |
|
Definition
| Either side of the SP of the vert ABOVE the one with the SD |
|
|
Term
| Posterior CS point and treatment for C1? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Posterior CS treatment for C2-C7, except C3? |
|
Definition
| Extend and SARA (C4-7 off the table) |
|
|
Term
| Posterior CS treatment for C3? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anterior CS point and treatment for C1? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anterior CS treatment for C3? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anterior CS treatment for C2-C8, except C7? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anterior CS treatment for C7? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For the posterior cervical CS points, IN GENERAL, what is the treatment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For the anterior cervical CS points, IN GENERAL, what is the treatment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For posterior cervical CS point treatment, which is the "exception" vert? Which is the "exception vert" for anterior CS points? What is the treatment for these? |
|
Definition
| Post- C3, Ant - C7, Flex and STRAW |
|
|
Term
| CS point for supraspinatus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CS point for subscapularis? |
|
Definition
| anterolateral surface of scapula |
|
|
Term
| CS point for biceps brachii? |
|
Definition
| tendon of long head in bicipital groove |
|
|
Term
| CS point for rectus femoris? |
|
Definition
| musculotendinous region and distal end, above patella |
|
|
Term
| CS point for gastrocnemius? |
|
Definition
| muscle bellies of both heads of the muscle |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Adson test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| The radial pulse is palpated, rotate and extend the head away from the side of the complaint. The patient inhales and holds the breath. Repeated with the patient rotating and extending the head toward the side of the complaint. Positive - radial pulse decrease or disappear. Indicates TOS. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Spurlung test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| Compressive force from top of head thru axial spine, done in neutral, SB left and SB right, positive - radiating symptoms down arm into hand, indicates cervical nerve root impingement |
|
|
Term
| The Apley scratch test determines the ranges of what types of motion? |
|
Definition
| int rotation, abduction and adduction |
|
|
Term
| Describe the apprehension/relocation tests and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| Elbow flexed to 90 and humerus abducted to 90, brought to passive external rotation. Positive - pt becomes anxious with ext rotation. Relocation - relief. Indicates anterior GH laxity. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the empty can test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| GH joint abducted to 90, flexed to 30, int rotated to 90, pt resists downward force on forearm. Positive - inability to resist, pain at greater tuberosity of humerus, indicates supraspinatous tendonitis or tear |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Hawkins test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| GH abducted to 90, forward flexion to 30, elbow flexed to 90, int rotated. Positive - pain, indicates impingement of rotator cuff tendons (usually supraspinatus) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Neer signs and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| Elbow extended, GH int rotated, passive full flexion. Positive - pain, impingement of rotator cuff tendons (usually supraspinatus) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Speed test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| Elbow extended, palm up, pt resists flexion. Positive - pain, indicates tendonitis of long head of biceps or possible labral injury |
|
|
Term
| Describe the sulcus sign. |
|
Definition
| Downward traction on arm at the elbow, positive - sulcus below the glenoid, indicates inferior GH laxity |
|
|
Term
| Describe Yergason's test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| Elbow flex to 90, pt resists while you bring GH joint to ext rotation and pull inferiorly. Positive - popping or snapping of bicipital groove, indicates laxity of transverse humeral ligament. Pain without snapping bicipital tendonitis. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Finkelstein test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
Pt makes fist, thumb tucked inside, actively move wrist into ulnar deviation. Positive - pain on radial side, indicates tenosynovitis of the extensor pollicis
brevis and abductor pollicis longus tendons
(de Quervain syndrome/tenosynovitis) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Phalen test and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| Pt places dorsal aspect of both wrists together, hold for 1 min. Positive - tingling along distribution of medial nerve - lateral 3 1/2 digits, indicates carpal tunnel |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Tinel sign and positive findings. |
|
Definition
| Tapping over transverse carpal ligament. Positive - pain and tingling over median nerve distribution. Indicates carpal tunnel |
|
|
Term
| A positive anterior drawer test indicates... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do you sidebend toward the convexity or concavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the maintenance of a pool of neurons in a state of partial or subthreshold excitation is called... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AA joint major motion is ____, minor is _____. |
|
Definition
| Rotation, flexion/extension |
|
|
Term
| For C2-C7, rotation and sidebending occur to the same side when the spine is in... |
|
Definition
| neutral, flexed or extended positions |
|
|
Term
| The spine and inferior angle of the scapula are at which levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sternal notch, sternal angle and xiphoid process are at which levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thoracic major motion is _______. The least motion occurs in ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the thoracic kyphosis change during inhalation and exhalation? |
|
Definition
| Flattens with inhalation, increases with exhalation |
|
|
Term
| Rib humping occurs on the side of the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scoliosis is named for the side of the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Curve is scoliotic if greater than... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scoliosis generally requires surgery if the angle exceeds... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A heel lift might correct a _____ curve, but it will not correct a ______ curve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The second rib articulates with the superior portion of which vertebral body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is special about the tubercle of the rib? |
|
Definition
| articulates with the transverse process |
|
|
Term
| Which ribs ONLY articulate with the corresponding vertebra? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ribs have no neck or tubercle and thus no costotransverse articulations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which are the false ribs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe pump handle motion. |
|
Definition
■ Predominantly found in upper ribs.
■ Anterior aspects of ribs move upward during inspiration.
■ Increases anterior-posterior diameter of thorax. |
|
|
Term
| Describe bucket handle motion. |
|
Definition
■ Predominantly found in lower ribs.
■ Lateral aspects of the ribs move upward with inspiration.
■ Increases transverse diameter of thorax. |
|
|
Term
| Describe Caliper or Pincer motion. |
|
Definition
■ Ribs 11 and 12
■ External rotation with inspiration |
|
|
Term
| For rib respiration restrictions, where is the key rib? |
|
Definition
| BITE: Bottom Inhaled, Top Exhaled. |
|
|
Term
| The right crus of the diaphragm is attached to which vertebral bodies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The left crus of the diaphragm is attached to which vertebral bodies? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Venal caval hiatus, esophageal hiatus and aortic hiatus are located at which levels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maximal motion in lumbar spine occurs in... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Multifidus causes rotation to the _____ side. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Supraspinatus, deltoid (middle portion) accomplish which action on the GH joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, subscapularis, infraspinatus, teres minor accomplish which action at the GH joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pectoralis major, deltoid (anterior portion), coraco-brachialis, biceps brachii accomplish which motion at the GH joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deltoid (posterior portion), teres major, latissimus dorsi, triceps brachii accomplish which motion at the GH joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Subscapularis, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid accomplish which motion at the GH joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infraspinatus, teres minor, deltoid accomplish which motion at the GH joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are typical carrying angles for women and men? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe motion for the thoracic segment. |
|
Definition
| Rotation> SB> Flexion> Extension |
|
|
Term
| Which muscle(s) are used for ME of 1st rib? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle(s) are used for ME of 2nd rib? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle(s) are used for ME of ribs 3-5? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle(s) are used for ME of ribs 6-9? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle(s) are used for ME of ribs 10-11? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle(s) are used for ME of 12th rib? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sympathetic the esophagus? |
|
Definition
| T2-8 or T3-6 depending on who you ask |
|
|
Term
| What are the sympathetics levels to the upper extremities? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the ideal center of gravity in relation to L3 and S2? |
|
Definition
| Middle of L3, 5 cm anterior to S2 |
|
|
Term
| What are the degree ranges for mild, moderate and severe scoliosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 degree ATR usually correlates to what Cobb angle? If your patient has this, what should he do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 7 degree ATR angle correlates with what Cobb angle? If your patient has this, what should be do? |
|
Definition
| >20, referral to specialist |
|
|
Term
| Gait cycle = 1 _____ = 2 _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the average width of stride? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the average step length? Average stride length? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the normal foot angle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the normal cadence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What phase makes up 60% of the gait cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The center of gravity oscillates no more than ___cm vertically during walking. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lateral displacement of pelvis and trunk is approximately ___cm to weight-bearing side |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pelvis side that corresponds to the forward foot rotates ___ degree anteriorly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship of ilium rotation to the motion of the leg? |
|
Definition
| Ilium rotates opposite to the motion of the leg |
|
|
Term
| Gait with weak dorsiflexors of the foot such as L5 Radiculopathy or peroneal neuropathy causes which sort of gait? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What sort of gait does this describe:
“Extensor Synergies”
- Hip extension & Internal rotation
- Knee extension
- Plantar Flexion & foot inversion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Your right foot is messed up. Which hand do you hold a cane with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe positioning for supraspinatous CS. |
|
Definition
The patient's arm is flexed to approximately 45 degrees, abducted approximately 45 degrees.
The physician externally rotates the arm. |
|
|
Term
| Describe CS treatment for infraspinatus. |
|
Definition
Flex the shoulder to approximately 150 degrees.
The physician then internally rotates and abducts the shoulder. |
|
|
Term
| Where are the true thoracics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The iliofemoral ligament is __ shaped and tenses with _______, preventing hyper_______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ant or Post dislocation of the acetabulum is more common? Does this occur with flexion or extension? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which artery may prevent avascular necrosis of the femoral head? |
|
Definition
| acetabular branch of the obturator artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Angle between functional longitudinal axis of femur and tibial longitudinal axis |
|
|
Term
| What is a normal Q angle? |
|
Definition
| Normal – 10° to 12° (Abnormal > 20°) |
|
|
Term
| What are the names for increased or decreased Q angles? |
|
Definition
| Increased angle → genu valgus, Decreased angle → genu varus |
|
|
Term
| What is the angle of inclination? What is the normal value? |
|
Definition
| Angle between anatomic longitudinal axis and axis of femoral neck, 120-135 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coxa Valgus (↑ angle of inclination)
>135 degrees |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Coxa Varus (↓ angle of inclination)
<120 degrees |
|
|
Term
| What is the angle of anteversion? |
|
Definition
| Angle between condyles of distal femur in transverse plane and axis of femoral neck |
|
|
Term
| What is a normal angle of anteversion? What are increased and decreased angles called? |
|
Definition
| 12-15, increased is toe-in gait, decreased is toe-out gait |
|
|
Term
| What is the strongest flexor of the thigh? What are its components and innervations? |
|
Definition
Iliopsoas. Composition
Iliacus – femoral n.
Psoas major – L2-L4 roots
Psoas minor – L1 root |
|
|
Term
| The iliotibial band is associated with which visceral dysfunction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the origins of the sciatic nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the test for gross hip joint motion? |
|
Definition
FABERE
Flexion
ABduction
External Rotation
Extension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Assessment for contracture of iliotibial band or tensor fascia latae |
|
|
Term
| Lasegue’s Test - what is it? |
|
Definition
| tests for sciatic nerve pain, dorsiflexion of foot after positive straight leg rising test |
|
|
Term
| When is a Trendelenburg test considered positive? |
|
Definition
| Considered positive if pelvis tilts toward side of flexed knee |
|
|
Term
| What is the "terrible triad?" |
|
Definition
Compromise of ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus
Commonly induced by valgus force on the knee |
|
|
Term
| The distal tibiofibular joint is what kind of joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Chondromalacia patellae? |
|
Definition
Wearing or roughening of posterior articular surface
Typically due to chronic changes secondary to overuse |
|
|
Term
| What is Patellofemoral syndrome? What are some causes? |
|
Definition
Improper tracking of patella
Multiple causes
Increased Q angle
Weakness of vastus medialis
Overuse, especially in runners
Associated with pain syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Integrity assessment of ACL
Knee flexed to 30°
Dr pushes femur posterior while pulling tibia anterior
Considered positive with excessive anterior glide
More sensitive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Assessment for medial & lateral meniscal tears |
|
|
Term
| What are Apley's tests for the knees? |
|
Definition
| Compression for torn mesiscus and traction for torn ligaments, both with rotation. |
|
|
Term
| What are the medial ankle ligaments? |
|
Definition
Tibionavicular (anterior)
Tibiocalcaneal (middle)
Posterior tibiotalar (posterior)
Anterior tibiotalar (deep) |
|
|
Term
| Which is the weight bearing arch of the foot? |
|
Definition
| Lateral Longitudinal Arch |
|
|
Term
| Which is the spring arch of the foot? |
|
Definition
| the medial longitudinal arch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Longitudinal & transverse arches fall
Talocalcaneal joint axis more horizontal
Tarsal somatic dysfunction
Navicular prominence on medial side of foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Arches rise
Axis more vertical
Navicular less prominent |
|
|
Term
| Describe a 2nd degree sprain |
|
Definition
Partial tearing (slight laxity)
Usually no need for surgery |
|
|
Term
| What percentage of ankle sprains are inversion sprains? Which ligaments are involved in Type I, II and III? |
|
Definition
Ligament Involvement
Anterior talofibular ligament (I)
Calcaneofibular ligament (I, II)
Posterior talofibular ligament (I, II, III) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ecchimosis in the femoral triangle indicates possible hip fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Good test to spot malingering patients!
Hold patients heels and instruct to lift one leg
Should feel counter-force upon effort in other hand
If not, they’re not trying |
|
|
Term
| Piriformis muscle is innervated by... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the diaphragm is innervated by spinal nerves from T7 to T12 (sensory)? |
|
Definition
Periphery
(from Body Wall Mesoderm) |
|
|
