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| figural depictions in red colour on a black background, in contrast to the preceding black-figure style with black figures on a red background. one of the most important styles of figural Greek vase painting. |
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| an Italian term meaning "counterpoise" used in the visual arts to describe a human figure standing with most of its weight on one foot so that its shoulders and arms twist off-axis from the hips and legs. |
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| method of casting metal, such as bronze, by process in which a wax mold is covered with clay and plaster, then fired, melting the wax and leaving a hhollow form. molten metal then poured into the hollow space and slowly cooled. when the hardened clay and plaster exterior shell is removed, a solid metal form remains to be smoothed and polished. |
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| Hollow Casting/Lost Wax Casting |
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| the "stop-action" of a movement that summarizes previous action, and implies future action. looking for the ONE moment that summarizes the action. DISKOBOLOS |
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| a city in the southern portion of Greece, containing Athens, the capital of Greece. Attica is subdivided into the prefectures of Athens, Piraeus, East Attica and West Attica. |
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| the capital and largest city of Greece, dominates the Attica periphery: as one of the world's oldest cities, its recorded history spans at least 3,000 years. |
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| a temple of the Greek goddess Athena, built in the 5th century BC on the Athenian Acropolis. |
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| refers more specifically to the wars of Persian kings Darius I and Xerxes I, which ended in 478 BC. Conflict began with the conquest of Lydia when Cyres the Great of Persia triumphed over Croesus at Sardis in 547. |
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| part of a festival in honor of Athena known as the Panathenaea that was held every year in acnient Athens. The procession was held on the last day of the festival, and involved the ritual bringing of a new peplos, or cloak, to the ceremonial statue of Athena. |
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| The Panathenaic Procession |
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| ornamental device often carved in wood, stone or plaster mouldings, consisting of an egg-shaped object alternating with an element shaped like an arrow, anchor or dart. |
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| an Ancient Greek goddess who personified triumph. Was an attendant of Zeus. |
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| any plan for a building or city that is based exclusively on right angles, such as the grid plan of many modern cities. |
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| A small, round building. Sometimes built underground, as in a Mycenaean tomb. ______ at Delphi for example: located 800 metres from the main site of Delphi. |
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| Made for Mausoleus originally, and has been referred to as since then. Tomb Structure that is often circular. |
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| an ancient Greek king of Macedon (336–323 BC). He was one of the most successful military commanders of all time and is presumed undefeated in battle. By the time of his death, he had conquered most of the world known to the ancient Greeks. |
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| a piece made of tiny pieces of glass and colored stones arranged to look like something. |
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| the tendency of an artist to distort reality for an emotional effect. Subjective art form. |
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| probably comes from the name of the city. Columns in the shape of the female body with weigh carried upon their heads (symbolic of baskets women would carry) |
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| "Few" "Rule" a form of government where political power effectively rests with a small elite segment of society distinguished by royalty, wealth, family, military powers or occult spiritual hegemony. |
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| a group of elite citizens in ancient Rome, including both their natural and adopted members |
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| "the common people" (as opposed to patricians, etc.) |
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| a water supply channel (conduit) that is constructed to convey water from one location to another. |
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| a construction material made out of gravel, limestone, or granite, plus a fine aggregate such as sand), water, and chemical admixtures. |
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| a structure that spans a space while supporting weight. Ancient Romans were the first to apply the technique to a wide range of structures |
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| The architectural piece at the crown of a vault or arch and marks its apex, locking the other pieces into position |
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| a wedge-shaped element, typically a stone, used in building an arch |
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| an architectural element formed by the extrusion of a single curve (or pair of curves, in the case of a pointed barrel vault) along a given distance. The curves are typically circular in shape, lending a semi-cylindrical appearance to the total design. Simplest form of a vault. |
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| produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults. The word refers to the edge between the intersecting vaults; cf. ribbed vault. Sometimes the arches are pointed instead of round |
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| a passage or walkway covered over by a succession of arches or vaults supported by columns. |
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| a column embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall, sometimes defined as semi or three-quarter detached. Typical of Roman architecture. |
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| the column had a simpler base and was unfluted, while both capital and entablature were without adornments. A plain astragal ringed the column beneath its plain cap. In its simplicity, it is seen as similar to the Doric order, and yet in its overall proportions and intercolumniation, it follows the ratios of the Ionic order. This strong order was considered most appropriate in military architecture and in docks and warehouses when they were dignified by architectural treatment. |
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| a mixed order, combining the volutes of the Ionic order capital with the acanthus leaves of the Corinthian order. The composite order volutes are larger, however, and the composite order also has echinus molding with egg-and-dart ornamentation between the volutes. |
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| a platform that is used to raise something to a short distance above its surroundings. In architecture a building can rest on one of these if it is large enough. |
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| was the long period of relative peace and minimal expansion by military force experienced by the powerful Roman Empire in the first and second centuries AD. |
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| Pax Romana (Latin for "Roman peace") |
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| a decorative border constructed from a continuous line, shaped into a repeated motif. Such a design is also called the Greek Fret or Greek Key design, although these are modern words. |
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| (79 CE) best known for its eruption that led to the destruction of the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. |
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| large apartment buildings where the lower and middle classes of Romans (the plebs) dwelled. The floor at ground level was used for tabernas, shops and businesses with living space on the higher floors. |
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| a large open space, often several stories high and having a glazed roof and/or large windows, often situated within an office building and usually located immediately beyond the main entrance doors. |
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| a colonnade around a peripteral building or around a court. |
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| a porch that is leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway |
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| variations in color and clarity caused by distance. |
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| Atmosphereric Perspective |
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| a method of representing three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional surface by the use of formal elements that act to give the impression of recession. |
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| in painting, the process of creating the illusion of three-dimensionality on a 2D surface by use of light and shade. in sculpture, the process of molding a 3D form out of a malleable substance. |
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