Term
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Definition
Four dimensions of OHP:
Work Environment
Individual
WF Interfact
Fit (or lack thereof) b/t various design elements
Also, 3 levels of intervention (primary, secondary, tertiary) |
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Term
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Definition
OHP: The contribution of applied psychology to occupational health; Notes that OHP is INTERDISCIPLINARY
Contemporary changes to work context suggest the prevalence of psychosocial risks is likely to increase |
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Term
| Wright & Cropanzano (2000) |
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Definition
| Psychological well-being (not JS) predicts JP |
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Term
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Definition
| JS and well-being are related to bottom-line performance |
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Term
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Definition
| Job stressors are related to CWBs |
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Term
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Definition
Perceived control is negatively related to job stressors (interpersonal conflict and organizational constraints)
Workload related to anxiety, frustration, JS, TO intentions, psych, physical, and behavioral strain
Org constraints are related to JS, frustration, anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased participation in decision making lead to reduced RC and RA, and increased perceived influence, which lead to decreased emotional strain and increased JS. Also, decreased TO intentions and absence frequency. |
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Term
| Frankenhaeuser & Johansson (1986) |
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Definition
| Found in field and lab that control is negatively related to cortisol |
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Term
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Definition
| Low job control increased the risk of heart disease, regardless of personality (multisource; three phases) |
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Term
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Definition
Support for the additive effects of the DCS model:
Strain led to psych distress and burnout and decreased JS, while control and support decreased psych distress and burnout |
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Term
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Definition
| Shiftwork --> WIF --> Depression |
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Term
| Amstad et al. (2011) Meta |
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Definition
Found support for "same domain" hypothesis
WIF/FIW related to JS, OC, TO intention, burnout, absenteeism, strain, life satisfaction, health problems, depression, physical complaints, substance use, etc. (pretty much everything) |
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Term
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Definition
| Workplace incivility predicts JS, withdrawal, well-being (relationships are stronger for women) |
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Term
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Definition
Customer incivility is more strongly related to strain (burnout, physical health symptoms, task performance) than coworker incivility
Trait anger was a moderator (stronger relationships if trait anger is high) |
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Term
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Definition
The dark triad predicts bullying behavior (.58)
Machiavellianism-Verbal direct bullying: .35
Narcissism-indirect bullying: .21
Psychopathy-direct bullying: .53 |
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Term
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Definition
Distinguishes between two JDs: abusive supervision (AS) and workload demands from supervisors (WDS)
Found that each lead to emotional exhaustion through health impairment process, but deplete energy in different ways (AS --> self esteem protection while WDS --> extra effort), thus leading to incremental validity.
Also, shows that JR can buffer the health impairment process only when the type of JD matches the style of JR |
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Term
| Van den Bossche et al. (2012) |
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Definition
| Found that violence prevalence is increasing, due to nature and quality of client contact; In jobs with high levels of computer work, violence is an emerging risk |
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Term
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Definition
| Objective demands predict depression (partially mediated by subjective demands, as depressives perceive less control) |
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Term
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Definition
| Found that generalized work abuse/harassment, sexual harassment, and job pressure are positively related to the report of occupational injuries, illness, and assaults (after controlling age, sex, and occupation) |
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Term
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Definition
Notes that org research should consider human physiology when studying workplace stressors, because physiological reactivity may explain the underlying processes that link exposure to workplace stressors to impaired functiong at work, absenteeism, and health care costs incurred by employees
Review the work stress literature through the lens of the AL model |
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Term
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Definition
Hardiness (a generalized style of functioning, characterized by a strong sense of commitment, control, and challenge) is an important resource for health.
In this study, it had been found to predict absence leave and absence spells. Also, in instances of high demand and high control, employees with low hardiness had more absences. |
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Term
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Definition
Ecological model of MSDs:
Stressors --> Strain --> MSDs (Feedback cycle) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Psychosocial factors (low social support, high JDs, low job control, low decision latitude, low JS, high job strain) predicted MSD onset |
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Definition
All 3 dimensions of burnout related to CWB among men and MSDs among women.
Severity of disease increased as burnout increased. |
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Term
| Landsbergis et al. (2003) |
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Definition
Reviewed mechanisms that explain relationship between work stressors and CVD:
- Physiology (hypertension, serum cholesterol)
- Behavior (smoking, overweight, sedentary behavior)
- Job Characteristics (hazardous situations, vigilant work, responsibility for others, work that requires hypervigilence to avoid danger, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
The psychosocial work environment was related to low adherence to 10 week exercise program and lower exercise of self-efficacy (length of exercise program didn't matter)
To improve adherence to exercise program, psychosocial work environments and individual exercise efficacy should be considered |
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Term
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Definition
| Alcohol linked to work stressors; It is used as a form of emotional coping as a response to strain and stressors at work |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychosocial demands at work (high JD, insufficient control, inadequate social support) related to increased common cold symptoms 6 months later (effect wasn't significant for females) |
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Term
| Parks & Stelman (2008) Meta |
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Definition
| Health and fitness programs are associated with decreased absenteeism and increased JS |
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Term
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Definition
| Longitudinal study over 7 weeks that examined health and well-being before, during, and after vacation; Health and well-being improved during vacation (health status, mood, tension, energy level, and satisfaction), but outcomes returned to pre-vacation levels during first week of work resumption |
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Term
| Jeanette & Scoboria (2008) |
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Definition
| Intervention study. Severity of PTSD in firefighters was related to the formality of preferred treatment; As PTSD severity increased, firefighters preferred formal critical incidents stress debriefing. When scenarios were of low/moderate intensity, individual debriefing (less formal) was preferred. |
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Term
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Definition
Conducted longitudinal archical study to examine EAP utlization over 3 years; Average utilization was 9.4%
Women used it more (family/marital raesons), men used it for help with addiction/dependency issues
EAP users not likely to have attendence problems over time (but did during time they used EAP); "Short term pain for long term gain" |
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Term
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Definition
| Flextime/place show very weak relationships with WIF/FIW (relationships for place are weaker than time) |
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Term
| Gajendran & Harrison (2007) Meta |
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Definition
| Telecommuting is positively related to supervisory relationship quality, perceived autonomy, JS, JP, TO intentions, and role stress (generally weak relationships around .20) |
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Term
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Definition
| Dependent care (childcare, eldercare) weakly related to WFC, OC, JS; Distal predictor mediated by perceptions of family supportive culture |
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Term
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Definition
Longitudinal field experiment examining 3 intervention strategies: Cognitive management training (goal setting, time management, conflict resolution), meditation (relaxation/biofeedback), exercise.
Each training method had significant effects on pulse rate and systolic BP. |
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Term
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Definition
Trained employees in one of four recovery experiences (psych detachment from work, relaxation, mastery, control)
Results found that training participation increased recovery experiences, recovery related self-efficacy, and sleep quality. Also decreased perceived stress and state NA three weeks after training |
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Term
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Definition
| Found that job enrichment can have positive effect on mental health when increasing autonomy, variety, skill use, etc. Also linked to sickness, satisfaction, and absenteeism |
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Term
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Definition
Participatory intervention in which teams at 11 stores developed plans for improving their work orgs; Results showed that most outcomes declined for all stores due to corporate events/economic environment, but that the intervention buffered the decline (in terms of org climate and psychological work adjustment, perceived health and safety, turnover, and sales per labor hour).
Overall, suggests that participatory capacity-building interventions have promise for improving work and worker health |
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Term
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Definition
Constructed WP psychosocial climate scale (policies, practices, and procedures for the protection of worker psychological health and safety)
- PSC can unify safety climate's focus on WP climate, work systems, and environment and work stress literature's focus on psychosocial risk factors and related health outcomes
- Found PSC related to various outcomes (e.g., distress, emotional exhaustion)
- Overall, shows that PSC is a key upstream component of work stress theory and is a logical intervention site for work stress |
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Term
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Definition
PRECEDE model: ID behavioral causes of noncompliance with PPE use in nurses, and analyze factors (predispositive, enabling, reinforcing) related to causes.
Each factor influenced general safety compliance, but reinforcing factors had the strongest effect. Positive SC increased the likelihood that the work environment will help workers comply with safe work practices |
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Term
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Definition
Not all stressors predict behavior strain (TO intentions/injuries)
- e.g., only RC predicted T/O intentions; climate didn't predict short term absences, and different injury categories were predicted by different stressors
- Thus, interventions should focus on specific stressors, and specific antecedents to those stressors |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Found that (vs China) US employees reported more interpersonal constraints, but there was no difference in frequency of reported job context constraints; relationships between interpersonal constraints and job context constraints with job strain were both higher for the U.S. |
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Term
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Definition
CISMS Study: Found that country cluster moderated some relationships between JS, work hours, and TO intentions with strain-based and time-based WIF
The association between work demands and WIF and between WIF and JS and TI is stronger for individualistic Anglo countries compared to the collectivist countries. We need to examine what leads to WIF in collectivist cultures |
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Term
| Estryn-Behar et al. (2008) |
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Definition
IDed the prevalence of violence in nursing across 10 European countries; Varied significantly by country
Found certain factors to increase likelihood (e.g., night shift, high levels of time pressure/physical load)
Frequency of violence associated with burnout, intent to leave nursing, and intent to change institution
51% of nurses who reported low quality of teamwork at baseline were often confronted with aggressive patients 1 year later; Supports efforts aimed at improving teamwork-related factors as they are associated with a decrease in violence against nurses |
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Term
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Definition
Allostatic load model
Repeated hits, lack of adaptation, prolonged response, inadequate response |
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Term
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Definition
| Transactional Model of Stress |
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Term
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Definition
Clinical Approach
Org Psych Approach
Medical Approach
Engineering Approach |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Effort-Reward Imbalance Model |
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Term
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Definition
| Challenge-Hindrance (-Threat) Stressor Model |
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Term
| Weiss & Cropanzano (1996) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| RA, RC, RO related to JS, tension/anxiety, TO Intentions, emotional exhaustion, and OC |
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Term
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Definition
| When stressors are seen as challenges, they can lead to increased JP and engagement |
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Term
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Definition
| Lack of control, RA, and RC also are related to workplace mistreatment; poor leadership is also a contributing factor, and mistreatment is more common in public and manufacturing orgs |
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Term
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Definition
| Victim NA is related to mistreatment |
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Term
| Hershcovis et al. (2007); Berry et al. (2007) |
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Definition
| Perpetrator trait anger, CAN, NA are related to mistreatment |
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Term
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Definition
| People high in CSE perceive fewer organizational constraints, which leads to less burnout |
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Term
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Definition
High control related to JS, OC, job involvement, and JP
Low control related to emotional distress, RA, RC, absence, and turnover (intentions and actual) |
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Term
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Definition
| Control is longitudinally linked to medical service use |
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Term
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Definition
| Social support is negatively related to RA, RC, burnout, health, and job dissatisfaction |
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Term
| Greenhaus & Beutell (1985) |
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Definition
| WFC is the extent to which demands of one role make it difficult to perform in another role |
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Term
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Definition
| Found evidence for within-person fluctuations of WFC |
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Term
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Definition
| Found WIF/FIW to be related to HR and blood pressure (experience sampling) |
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Term
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Definition
| Internal LOC, NA, support, control, role stressors, role involvement all antecedents to WFC |
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Term
| Sverke et al. (2002) Meta |
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Definition
Job loss neg related to JS, OC, Trust, physical health, mental health, JP
Pos related to TO intentions |
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Term
| Husheger & Shewe (2011) Meta |
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Definition
| Strain, lower JP, OC, and JS related to emotional labor (stronger relationships for surface acting) |
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Term
| Alcaron et al. (2011) Meta; Lee & Ashforth (1996) |
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Definition
| Found JDs (RC, workload RA) were important predictors of burnout across occupations |
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Term
| Baltes et al. (1999) Meta |
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Definition
| Flextime is related to increased JS, JP, and fewer absences |
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Term
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Definition
| Night shifts can cause sleep disturbance, digestive problems, social problems (isolation), anxiety, depression |
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Term
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Definition
| Workload, abuse, RA, RC, constraints related to physical symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
VPC
3 dimensions: policies and procedures, practices and response, pressure for unsafe practices |
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Term
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Definition
| VPC predicted physical and nonphysical violence longitudinally |
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Term
| Coovert & Thompson (2003) |
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Definition
| Chapter on MSDs; discusses various antecedents (e.g., repetitive motion, age, gender, stress, workload, control) and solutions (e.g., address psychological factors, keyboard design, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
JDR review
Notes that personality is related to burnout. Perhaps personality....
-Leads to perceptions of more/less JDs
-Leads people to self select into environments with less JDs
-Leads people to cope better/worse |
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Term
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Definition
| Interventions annual review |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Kiburz & Allen (in press) |
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Definition
| Found that behavioral self-monitoring can increase trait mindfulness and decrease WFC (decreased WIF) |
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Term
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Definition
| Mindfulness training (self-training) led to decreased strain based WFC and more psychological detachment and satisfaction with WFB |
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Term
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Definition
| Trait mindfulness is related to increased WFB, sleep quality, and greater vitality |
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Term
| Tims et al. (2012); Tims et al. (2013) |
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Definition
Job crafting is physical and cognitive changes that individuals make in their task or relationship boundaries; says its change that employees make regarding their JDs and JR
Found that job crafting (enhancing challenge JDs) can enhance employee well-being |
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Term
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Definition
| Found perceptions of stressors (e.g., RA, RC, RO) were very different across countires |
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Term
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Definition
| Tested the persisting effects of daily customer mistreatment on rumination (controlled for carry over effects) |
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Term
| Appraisal vs. Environment Debate |
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Definition
- Perrewe & Zellars (1999) - Subjective appraisals are more important (interpretation of the environment is most important)
- Schabroeck (1999) - go with the environment!
- Frese & Zapf (1999) - both objective and subjective measures are important! |
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Term
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Definition
Pro Controlling for NA:
- Watson et al. (1986)
- Brief et al. (1988)
- Burke et al. (1993)
Anti Controlling for NA:
- Chen & Spector (1991)
- Spector et al (2001) |
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