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Definition
| A dark line of a unique wavelength seen in a continuous spectrum. This is caused by white light passing through a pure sample of a gaseous element. The electrons absorb photons with specific wavelengths/energies relative to the energy levels they can reach. |
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| The rate of change of an object's velocity. |
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| The total distance travelled by an object divided by the total time taken. |
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| The distance travelled by a vehicle once the brakes are applied until it comes to a stop. Braking distance is affected by friction (brakes, tyres and road) and the motion of the object. |
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| A material that shows none or little plastic deformation before breaking |
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| The point where the entire weight of an object appears to act from. Essential for solving moment questions. |
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Definition
| A vector can be separated into two vectors. One in the horizontal direction and one in the vertical direction. |
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Definition
| A force that sqeezes an object |
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| The mass per unit volume of a substance. |
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| The distance travelled in a particular direction from the origin |
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| Describes a matereal which shows significant plastic deformation. Can be easily shaped. |
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| The ratio of useful energy out to enrgy put in. |
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Definition
| Describes a material which returns to its original shape when the force is removed. |
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| The amount of stress/force beyond which an object will not return to its original shape. |
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| Energy stored in a streched or compressed object |
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Definition
| A unit used for very small amounts of energy. The energy gained by an electron accelerated through a potential difference of 1 Volt |
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Definition
| A bright line of a unique wavelength/energy emitted by a substance when the electrons fall from a high energy level to a lower energy level. |
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Definition
| An object with a constant velocity(stationary or moving in a straight line at a constant speeed) or angular velocity (in moments) |
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Definition
| The change in length of a material from its original length. |
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Definition
| The ratio of force to extension for a spring or wire. |
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Term
| Gravitational potential energy |
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Definition
| Energy stored by an object due to its position in the a gravitational field. |
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Definition
| The lowest energy level an electron can occupy in an atom. |
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Definition
| Force is proprtional to extension for an elastic material |
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Definition
| A measure of the mass of an object. How hard it is to change the motion of an object. |
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Definition
| The speed of an object measured over a very small period of time |
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Definition
| Energy of an object due to its motion |
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Definition
| The amount of material within an object |
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Definition
| The truning effect caused by a force on a pivotted object. Force multiplied by perpendicular distance between force and pivot |
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Definition
| The force that will give 1 kg an acceleration of 1m/s2. |
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| A particle which represents an electromagentic wave. |
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Definition
| A material will not return to its original shape when the force is removed. |
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Definition
| The rate at which work is done |
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Definition
| The sum of clockwise moments about a point is equal to the sum of the anti clockwise moets about the same point leasding to an object being in equilibrium |
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Definition
| The net force acting on an object |
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Definition
| A quantity with size/magnitude only. |
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| Rate of change of the distance moved by an object |
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Definition
| The sum of think and braking distance |
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Definition
| The extension per unit length produced by a tensile or compressive froce |
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Definition
| Force acting per unit cross sectional area on a material |
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Definition
| A term used to denote tension or pull |
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Definition
| The constant velocity of an object flowing through a fluid (gas or liquid). The net force on the object is zero. |
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Definition
| THe distance travelled whilst the driver reacts to a situation where they are meant to stop. |
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Definition
| The minimum frequency of the electromagnetic radiation that will eject electrons from the surface of a metal. |
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Definition
| The minimum forward bias voltage across a light emitting diode (LED) when it starts to conduct and emit light. |
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Definition
| The product of two forces in opposites direction, an equal distance from the pivot. |
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| When an electron moves from one energy level to another |
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Definition
| The breaking stress of a material |
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Definition
| A quantity that has size and direction |
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Definition
| Using a scale drawing to combine vectors to find the resultant vector |
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Definition
| The rate of change of the displacement of an object |
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Definition
| The force on a mass caused by a gravitational field |
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Definition
| The amount of energy transformed in a situation |
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Definition
| THe minimum energy required by a single electron to escape from the surface of a metal |
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| Ratio of stress to strain. Describes the stiffness of a material. |
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