Term
| Name the 4 things that cause image contrast. |
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Definition
| "Thickness differences, density differences, atomic number differences, quality of radiation (kVp)." |
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Term
| Do thicker or thinner arts have increased attenuation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Greater density of a tissue results in greater or lesser beam attenuation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do higher or lower atomic number tissues attenuate less rays? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does an increase in kVp result in lower or higher contrast? |
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Definition
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Term
| What effect does mAs have on contrast? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do fewer gray tones result in a higher or lower contrast? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fog and scatter have what effect on contrast? |
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Definition
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Term
| "Name an ""unwanted density"" that occurs outside of the exposure process." |
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Definition
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Term
| High temperatures and humidity are a common cause of what problem on an x-ray film? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 things that increase scatter radiation? |
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Definition
| "Increased part thickness, increased field size, increased energy of x-rays." |
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Term
| What does the umbra determine in an image? |
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Definition
| The size (magnification). |
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Term
| Where is a focal spot located? |
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Definition
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Term
| A shallower anode angle results in an increased or decreased chance of a focal spot? |
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Definition
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Term
| A smaller penumbra results in a decreased or sharper images quality? |
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Definition
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Term
| Factors which increase image magnification do what to sharpness? |
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Definition
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Term
| "As the distance away from an object increases, what happens to edge sharpness?" |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the best way to minimize the chance of motion blurring? |
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Definition
| Have a short exposure time. |
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Term
| Radiographic mottle is also known as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is radiographic mottle? |
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Definition
| The random fluctuation or unwanted variation of film density. |
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Term
| What is the only type of mottle that can be significant in really fast exposure systems? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is radiographic technique? |
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Definition
| Combination of settings selected on a control panel to produce a high-quality image on the radiograph. |
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Term
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Definition
| The degree of blackening on the finished radiograph. |
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Term
| Is mAs indirectly or directly proportional to optical density? |
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Definition
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Term
| What effect does a change in mAs have on contrast? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What controls optical density? |
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Definition
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Term
| Proper positioning of a patient will greatly reduce what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The chest would be considered to have low or high subject contrast? |
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Definition
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Term
| The abdomen would be considered to have low or high subject contrast? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the percentage that the mAs must be changed by to produce a visible change in optical density? |
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Definition
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Term
| When adjusting radiographic contrast an increase in kVp by 5% should result in what being done to the mAs to compensate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which variable-kVp technique chart is considered the best? |
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Definition
| The fixed-kVp technique chart. |
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Term
| What is the simplest method to increase or decrease optical density? |
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Definition
| Increase or decrease the mAs. |
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Term
| What principle states that all unnecessary exposure must be avoided and all absorbed doses should be kept as low as possible? |
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Definition
| The overarching principle. |
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Term
| Deterministic effects are also known as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is there a threshold present in deterministic effects? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is severity of the response dependent or independent of the dose in deterministic effects? |
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Definition
| Dependent after threshold is reached. |
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Term
| In stochastic effects is the severity of the effect dependent or independent of the dose? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for stochastic effects? |
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Definition
| Nondeterministic effects. |
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Term
| Is there a threshold in stochastic effects? |
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Definition
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Term
| Point lesions are primarily the result of damage from what? |
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Definition
| Low dosages of radiation. |
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Term
| Is DNA or RNA more sensitive to radiation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Most of the effects on a cell from radiation are the result of direct or indirect radiation? |
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Definition
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Term
| The principle action of radiation on humans is _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| "If a patient has cancer, what would you want to use during radiation therapy?" |
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Definition
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Term
| Is biologic tissue more sensitive under aerobic or anaerobic conditions? |
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Definition
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Term
| A greater maturity of the cell leads to an decrease or increase in resistance? |
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Definition
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Term
| "As the age of tissues/organs decreases, what happens to radiosensitivity?" |
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Definition
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Term
| An increase in metabolic activity results in what effect on radiosensitivity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most sensitive cell to radiation? |
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Definition
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