Term
| What are 3 concerning symptoms of the breasticles |
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Definition
| "lump/mass, pain, nipple discharge" |
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Term
| A milky bilateral discharge of the nipple may indicate what |
|
Definition
| "pregnancy, prolactin/other hormonal imbalance" |
|
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Term
| spontaneous persistent nonlactational bloody discharge (unilateral) may be …? |
|
Definition
| papilloma disease or rarely breast cancer |
|
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Term
| what are common characteristics of fibroadenomas |
|
Definition
| "fine, round, mobile, nontender" |
|
|
Term
| what are common characteristics of cysts |
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Definition
| "soft to firm, round, mobile, often tender" |
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Term
| what are common characteristics of fibrocystic changes |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are common characteristics of cancer in the breasts |
|
Definition
| "irregular, stellate, firm, not clearly delineated " |
|
|
Term
| what are common risk factors for breast cancer |
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Definition
| "previous breast cancer, affected mom/sis., biopsy, atypical hyperplasia, ? age, early menarche, late menopause, late/no pregnancies, previous radiation to chest wall" |
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Term
| What could redness in the breast mean during an inspection |
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Definition
| possible local infection or inflammatory carcinoma |
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|
Term
| Thickening of skin & prominent pores may suggest… ? |
|
Definition
| may suggest breast cancer |
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|
Term
| recent or fixed flattening or depression of nipple may suggest …? |
|
Definition
| nipple retraction which may suggest cancer |
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|
Term
| what occurs when cancer or its fibrous strands are attached to both the skin and fascia overlying the pectoral muscles |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F even though lesions may be benign they should always be evaluated further |
|
Definition
| True- better safe than sorry |
|
|
Term
| What 4 positions assist in visually inspecting the breasts for lesions |
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Definition
| "arms at side then over head, hands pressed against hips, and then leaning forward" |
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Term
| when pressing deeply on the breast what may be mistaken for a hard breast mass |
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Definition
|
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Term
| nodules in the tail of the breast are often mistaken for what? |
|
Definition
| enlarged axillary lymph nodes |
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|
Term
| define mammary duct ectasia |
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Definition
| benign but often painful condition of dilated ducts with inflammation |
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|
Term
| In what manner should you describe nodules |
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Definition
| "location, size, shape, consistency, delimitation, tenderness, mobility" |
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Term
| a mobile mass that becomes fixed when the arm relaxes is attached to what structure(s) |
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Definition
| to the ribs and intercostal muscles |
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Term
| a mobile mass that becomes fixed when the hand is pressed against the hip it is attached to what structure(s) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what term is used with an imbalance of estrogens and androgens in the male breast |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| "Does a hard, irregular, eccentric, or ulcerating nodule suggest gynecomastia or breast cancer in the male breast" |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| "deeply pigmented, velvety axillary skin suggests…?" |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| "nodes that are large (?1 cm), firm/hard, matted together, or fixed to the skin or to underlying tissues suggests…?" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what term is used for a milky discharge unrelated to a prior pregnancy and lactation |
|
Definition
| nonpuerperal galactorrhea |
|
|
Term
| what are the leading causes of nonpuerperal galactorrhea |
|
Definition
| hormones and pharmacological substances |
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|
Term
| what position should your arm be in when doing a breast self-exam (BSE) while lying down |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the finger pads of what fingers should be used to perform the BSE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what pattern should you use when doing a BSE |
|
Definition
| It doesn't matter but use the same pattern each month |
|
|
Term
| what patterns are commonly used when doing BSE |
|
Definition
| "strip, circular, or wedge pattern" |
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|
Term
| what benefit does the upright position provide while performing a BSE |
|
Definition
| it allows you to check the upper outer part of the breast (near armpit) |
|
|
Term
| what % of breast cancer is found in the upper outer part of the breast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What facilitates the upright BSE (allows skin to glide over breast easier) |
|
Definition
| perform it in the shower with soapy hands |
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|
Term
| what is the difference between retraction signs and nipple retraction and deviation signs |
|
Definition
| retraction signs include dimpling/retraction at any spot in the tissue; nipple retraction is just around the nipple |
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|
Term
| what causes edema of the skin of the breast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are signs of edema of the skin of the breast |
|
Definition
| thickened skin with enlarged pores |
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|
Term
| Thickened skin with enlarged pores is aka…? |
|
Definition
| peau d'orange sign (orange peel) |
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|
Term
| "what uncommon form of breast cancer usually starts as a scaly, eczemalike lesion" |
|
Definition
| paget's disease of the nipple |
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|
Term
| when should you suspect paget's disease of the nipple |
|
Definition
| with any persisting dermatitis of the nipple and areola |
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|
Term
| what are the three most common kinds of breast masses |
|
Definition
| "fibroadenoma, cysts, and breast cancer" |
|
|
Term
| when does fibroadenoma usually appear |
|
Definition
| ages 15-25 (can be up to 55) |
|
|
Term
| how many masses usually appear with fibroadenoma |
|
Definition
| usually one but may be multiple |
|
|
Term
| what can a fibroadenoma be |
|
Definition
| "round, disclike, or lobular" |
|
|
Term
| what is the consistency of a fibroadenoma |
|
Definition
| "may be soft, but is usally firm" |
|
|
Term
| how mobile (if at all) is a fibroadenoma |
|
Definition
| very mobile (often called breast mice) |
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|
Term
| how tender is a fibroadenoma to the patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are there any retraction signs with a fibroadenoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the common age range that cysts of the breast appear |
|
Definition
| usually 30-50 (regresses after menopause) |
|
|
Term
| how many masses usually appear with cysts in the breast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the shape of a cyst in the breast |
|
Definition
| "round, disclike, or lobular" |
|
|
Term
| what is the consistency of cysts in the breast |
|
Definition
| "soft to firm, usually elastic" |
|
|
Term
| how mobile (if at all) is a cyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How tender is a cyst to the patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are there any retraction signs with a cyst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the common age range that breast cancer appears |
|
Definition
| 30-90 (more common over 50) |
|
|
Term
| how many masses usually appear with breast cancer |
|
Definition
| "usually single, but may coexist with other nodules" |
|
|
Term
| what is the shape of breast cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the delimitation of the breast with breast cancer |
|
Definition
| not clearly delineated from surrounding tissues |
|
|
Term
| how mobile (if at all) is breast cancer |
|
Definition
| may be fixed to skin or underlying tissues |
|
|
Term
| how tender is breast cancer to the patient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are there any retraction signs with breast cancer |
|
Definition
| retraction signs may be present |
|
|
Term
| name the glands around the breast |
|
Definition
| "lateral, central, subscapular, pectoral, supraclavicular, infraclavicular" |
|
|
Term
| what time of the month should women perform BSE |
|
Definition
| one week after end of menstrual cycle b/c hormones are low |
|
|
Term
| what time of the month should post-menopausal women perform BSE |
|
Definition
| any day during the month but be consistent from month to month |
|
|
Term
| What is the baseline age for women to receive their first mammogram |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when should women have yearly mammograms |
|
Definition
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