Term
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Definition
| Teeth, muscles, bones, supporting soft tissues, blood vessels, nerves, ligaments and TMJ joint structures |
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Term
| What are the skeletal components of the Masticatory system? |
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Definition
| Maxilla, Mandible, Temporal bones |
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Term
| The medial pole of the Condyle head is more (posterior or anterior) |
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Definition
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Term
| The lateral pole of the Condyle is more (posterior or anterior) |
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Definition
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Term
| During hinge opening of the mandible, the axis of rotation is through what pole? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the mediolateral with of the capitulum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the anteroposterior width of the capitulum? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F The capitulum is concave both anteroposterior and mediolateral? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the Squamotympanic Fissure divide into as it progresses medially? |
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Definition
1 - Petrosquamous Fissure
2 - Petrotympanic Fissure |
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Term
| What is a Ginglymoarthroidal Joint? |
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Definition
| Joint capable of producing both Hinge and Sliding movements |
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Term
| What is an example of a Ginglymoarthroidal Joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many bones comprise the TMJ joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the bones which make up the TMJ? |
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Definition
Temporal bone
Mandible
Articlar Disk (Also considered a bone) |
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Term
| What overal shape is the Articular Disk? |
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Definition
| Biconcave, thinnest in the center |
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Term
| In what direction is the articular disk thicker, medially or laterally? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Articular Disk made up of? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the Articular Disk vascularized? |
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Definition
No, no blood vessels
- don't get a lot of regeneration |
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Term
| Where on the Articular disk can nerves be found ONLY? |
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Definition
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Term
| What lines the inside of the TM joint capsule? |
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Definition
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Term
| What produce synovial fluid in the TMJ? |
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Definition
| Endothelial cells which line the TM Joint capsule |
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Term
| What is the main function of Synovial Fluid in the TMJ? |
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Definition
| Prevents friction between joint surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| A sound produced due to the absence of adequate lubrication. The absence of lubrication causes friction between joint structures. |
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Term
| What are two functions of synovial fluid? |
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Definition
1 - Prevents friction between joint surfaces
2 - Allows exchange of metabolic & catabolic products |
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Term
| What two mechanisms/functions enables synovial fluid to lubricate ALL joint surfacs? |
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Definition
1 - Boundar lubrication
2 - Weeping lubcrication |
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Term
| How does Boundary Lubrication occur? |
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Definition
Via joint movements
Boundary lubrication is a function of water that is physically bound to the cartilaginous surface by a glycoprotein. |
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Term
| How does Weeping Lubrication occur? |
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Definition
As you compress the articular disk it squeezes some synovial fluid out laterally.
Weeping lubrication occurs as fluid is forced laterally during compression and expressed through the unloaded fibrocartilage |
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Term
| What is the affect of prolonged masticatory muslce clenching on the TMJ? |
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Definition
- Prevents free flowing of synovial fluid
- interferes with metabolic/catabolic processes
- Crepitis can occur dur to dryness of the joint surfaces |
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Term
| What are the Retrodiscal Connective Tissues? |
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Definition
1 - Superior Retrodiscal Lamina (highly elastic)
2 - Inferior Retrodiscal Lamina (no elastic fibers)
3 - Bilaminar Zone (Highly Vascularized)
- takes awa catabolic problems |
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Term
| What is the Bilaminar Zone of the TMJ enriched with? |
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Definition
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Term
| As you open your mouth which direction does the condyle move? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the only structure capable of retracting the articular disc posteriorly on the condyle when closing? |
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Definition
| Superior Retrodiscal Lamina |
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Term
| What are the 4 zones which sit immediately under the Articular Disc? (Name from articular surface to underlying bone) |
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Definition
1 - Articular Zone
2 - Proliferative Zone
3 - Fibrocartilaginous Zone
4 - Calcified Cartilage Zone |
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Term
| What is the Articular Zone made up of? |
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Definition
Fibrous conective tissue
- NOT hyaline cartilage |
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Term
| What is the Proliferatize Zone made up of? |
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Definition
| Mesenchymal cells which are capable of proliferating into fibroblasts |
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Term
| What is the Fibrocartilaginous Zone made up of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main innervation to the TMJ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What blood vessel nourishes the TMJ from the posterior aspect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What blood vessel nourishes the TMJ from the anterior aspect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What blood vessel nourishes the TMJ from the inferior aspect? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are there any blood vessels that go directly into the TMJ capsule? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does vascularization of the TMJ soft tissues usually occur? |
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Definition
| Pterygoid Fovea (check that) |
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Term
| What are the 5 ligaments of the TMJ? |
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Definition
Capsular
Collateral (or Discal)
Temporomandibular
Sphenomandibular
Stylomandibular |
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Term
| What is the function of the Capsular Ligament? |
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Definition
- The retain synovial fluid within the synovial capsule
- Help prevent the seperation of articular disc surfaces |
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Term
| What are the two components of the Collateral (Discal) Ligaments? |
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Definition
Medial Discal ligament
Lateral Discal Ligament |
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Term
| Where do the Collateral Ligaments attach? |
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Definition
| Attaches the articular disc to the medial and lateral condyle poles |
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Term
| What movements are the Collateral Ligamens responsible for? |
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Definition
| Hinging movements of the TMJ |
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Term
| What are the two components of the Temporomandibular Ligament? |
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Definition
- Outer-oblique component
- Inner Horizontal component |
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Term
| What are the functions of the Temporomandibular Ligament? |
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Definition
- prevents posterior movement of the condyle
- reinforces the capsular ligament |
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Term
| Approximately how far must the mouth open before translational movement begins to happen? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which plays a role in the translational movement of the TMJ? |
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Definition
| Temporomandibular Ligament |
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Term
| Where is the origin and insertion of the Stylomandibular Ligament? |
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Definition
Origin - Styloid Process
Insertion - Angle of the mandible
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Term
| What is the main function of the Stylomandibular Ligament? |
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Definition
| Limit excessive protrusion of your jaw |
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Term
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Definition
| Calcification of the Stylomandibular Ligament resulting in sever jaw pain when you rotate your head. |
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Term
| What is the function of the Sphenomandibular Ligament on mandibular movement? |
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Definition
| It has no affect on mandibular movement |
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Term
| What structure may casue adverse affects on mandibular nerve blocks? |
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Definition
| Oversized sphenomandibular ligament |
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Term
| What are the muslces of mastication? |
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Definition
Masseter
Temporalis
Medial Pterygoid
Superior/Inferior Lateral Pterygoid |
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Term
| Prolonged spasticity of the Masseter Muscle can refer pain to what structures |
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Definition
| Upper and Lower Posterior teeth |
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Term
| What are the two parts of the Masseter Muscle? |
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Definition
Superficial portion
Deep portion |
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Term
| What is the Temporalis Muslce refered to as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where can prolonged spasticity of the Temporalis Muslce refer pain to? |
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Definition
| Any of the maxillary teeth, just depends on where the trigger is. |
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Term
| Prolong spasticity of the Medial Pterygoid Muslce can refer pain to what areas> |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main insertion of the Superior Lateral Pterygoid Muslce? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the secondary insertion of the Superior Lateral Pterygoid Muscle? |
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Definition
Neck of the condyle
Capsular Ligament |
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Term
| What is the insertion of the Inferior Lateral Pterygoid Muslce? |
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Definition
| Anterior neck of the condyle |
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Term
| Why is the Inferior Lateral Pterygoid Muslce resistant to fatigue? |
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Definition
| It is made up of lots of slow twitch muslce fibers |
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Term
| Where does spastic superior/inferior Lateral Pterygoid Muslces refair pain to? |
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Definition
TMJ
Infraorbital Maxillary sinus areas |
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Term
| Where does spastic Sternocleido Mastoid muslce refer pain to? |
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Definition
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Term
| In which direction does the Superior/Inferior Lateral Pterygoid muscle contract? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is the Lateral Pterygoid muslce so strong? |
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Definition
| Because it has such a large area of origin |
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Term
| What is the origin of the Lateral Pterygoid muslce? |
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Definition
| Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate |
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Term
| What is the origin of the Medial Pterygoid muslce? |
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Definition
| Medial surface of the laeral pterygoid plate |
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Term
| What are the functions of the Diagastric Muscles? |
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Definition
- Assist in swallowing when the mandible is fixed
- Assist in opening of the mandible |
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Term
| What movements are associated with the TMJ? |
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Definition
Rotation (Hinge)
Translation (sliding)
Rotation and translation
Other (Ex. Lateral mandibular movements) |
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Term
| When do the Superior Lateral Pterygoid muslces contract? |
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Definition
| Only in conjunction with the activity of the elvevator muslces during closure. |
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Term
| How does the Inferior Lateral Pterygoid muscle contract and what is the result? |
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Definition
| Contracts bilaterally to move the mandible forward. This happens while the superior lateral pterygoid muscle is inactive. |
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Term
| What allows the articular disc to move forward during wide opening? |
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Definition
- Morphology of the disc (biconcave)
- A positive interarticular pressure |
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Term
| Does the petrous or squamous portion of the temporal bone articulate with the mandibular condyle? |
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Definition
| The squamous portion of the temporal bone. |
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Term
| Is the articular disk thicker medially or laterall? |
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Definition
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