Term
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Definition
-C Wyville Thompson
-British
-1872-1876 (expedition dates)
-first major science expedition
-globe encircling voyage
-disproved the azoic theory (there IS life in deep ocean) |
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Term
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Definition
1) Continental Shelf
2) Continental Slope
3) Continental Rise
4) Abyssal (Deep) Plains |
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Term
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Definition
-"Conveyer belt" the plates move on
-Molten part of the upper mantle |
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Term
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Definition
| -Plates,the Earth's Crust |
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Term
| 4 types of marine sediments |
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Definition
-terrigenous (land)
-biogenous (oceans)
-hydrogenous (precipitated from water)
-cosmogenous (outer space) |
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Term
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Definition
-Physical
-Geological
-Chemical
-Biological |
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Term
| How old are the oldest sediments in the ocean? (years) |
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Definition
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Term
| What material is composed of CaC03? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Oceanic Crust is thinner than continental crust... which causes... |
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Definition
| Oceanic crust to subduct beneath continental crust |
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Term
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Definition
| Volcanism @ mid ocean ridges causes new crust to form. |
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Term
| What % of the Earth's surface is covered by ocean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is CCD or Carbonate Compensation Depth? |
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Definition
-The ocean depth which calcium carbonate sediments are not preserved
-Oozes limited to shallower depths of oceans |
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Term
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Definition
| -Underwater avalanches of material that accumulate in the deep ocean |
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Term
| What are the main planktonic groups of animals & plants that produce biogenous sediments? |
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Definition
-Foraminifera - animals/zooplankton
-Coccolitohphors - plants/phytoplankton
-Radiolaria - animals
-Diatoms - plants |
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Term
| What are biogenic oozes made of? |
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Definition
-CaCO3 and Si02
-Skeletons of plankton
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Term
| How are sediments classified? |
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Definition
-Size -- little to big
-Composition -- less dense to more dense |
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Term
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Definition
-Hydrothermal circulation
-Fluid vents from mantle
-Hot magma + Sea Water = Rock Formation |
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Term
| What is the Wilson Cycle? |
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Definition
"Ocean Basin Tectonics"
1. Stretching + Thinning --> Volcanoes
2. Opening Plate Tectonics
3. Mature Ocean
4. Sinking Plates, increasing depths
5. Ocean basins come together
5. Continental edges bang shut, cause increased elevation |
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Term
| What are large igneous provinces? |
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Definition
-Igneous = Melted Rock
-Initial plume and hotspot activity
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Term
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Definition
-Core produces heat
-Heat causes water to rise
-Forms "plume"
-Cools then falls
(Like a lava lamp) |
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Term
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Definition
| Stationary source of volcanic heat |
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Term
| How does distribution of volcanoes relate to plate boundaries? |
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Definition
-Plates diverge
-Magma emerges
-Magma interacts w/ sea water and forms volcanoes |
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Term
| What does the location of Earthquakes tell us about plate tectonics? |
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Definition
-A plate is pushing into the interior of the Earth
-Trench forming |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of plate boundaries? |
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Definition
-Ridges or rises (seafloor created)
-Trenches (seafloor destroyed)
-Transform faults/fracture zones (Neither created nor destroyed) |
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