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Objective Physiological Measures
Exam 2
25
Audiology
Undergraduate 3
10/30/2013

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Term
Objective Physiological Measures
Definition
Don't require clients cooperation, allow testing of each ear individually, directly assesses the physiological integrity of the lower portions of the auditory system
Term
Objective Physiological Measure Tests
Definition
Acoustic immittance, auditory brain stem response (ABR), otoacoustic emissions (OAE)
Term
Audiological Immittance
Definition
Measures how well sound is accepted into the middle ear, non-audiological technique
Term
Impedance
Definition
Measure of difficulty with which energy flows through a system, unit ohm
Term
Admittance
Definition
Measure of ease with which energy flows through a system, unit mho
Term
Primary Purpose of Acoustic Immittance Testing
Definition
Determine the status of the tympanic membrane and middle ear
Term
Secondary Purpose of Acoustic Immittance Testing
Definition
Determine acoustic reflex threshold and evaluate acoustic reflex pathways
Term
Components of an Acoustic Immittance Meter (Tympanometer)
Definition
1. Oscillator to generate a pure tone (226hz, 85dBSPL)
2. Air pump and manometer for varying air pressure
3. Microphone to measure the reflected sound way
Term
Basic Measures of Acoustic Immittance
Definition
Tympanometery, static acoustic compliance (SAC), acoustic reflex threshold (ART)
Term
Tympanometery
Definition
Measurement of the middle ear pressure, determined by the mobility of the tympanic membrane as a function of positive and negative air pressure in the external ear canal
Term
Normal Tympanometery Range
Definition
-100 to 100 daPa
Term
Tympanogram Shapes
Definition
A, As, Ad, B, C
Term
Static Acoustic Compliance (SAC)
Definition
Mobility of the tympanic membrane with a given value of air pressure in the external ear canal
Term
Normal SAC Values
Definition
.3-1.6cc
Term
Normal Ear Canal Volumes
Definition
1-2.5 (adults)
.5-2 (kids)
Term
High ECV and Flat Typm
Definition
Could be perforation in middle ear
Term
Low ECV and Flat Tymp
Definition
Ear wax or some other substance taking up space in the ear canal
Term
Normal ECV and Flat Tymp
Definition
Fluid in middle ear
Term
Typanogram Width or Gradient
Definition
Calculated by determining the daPa corresponding to 50% of peak static immittance
Term
Acoustic Reflex Threshold
Definition
Contraction of the middle ear muscles in response to intense sounds, the lowest possible intensity needed to elicit contraction
Term
Normal Acoustic Reflex Threshold
Definition
70-100dbHL
Term
Otoacoustic Emissions
Definition
Low level sounds that come from the ear, by product of amplification from the outer hair cells, spontaneous and evoked
Term
Auditory Brain Stem Response (ABR)
Definition
Measure of electrical activity coursing through the auditory pathway, uses tone bursts or clicks, when intensity decreases latency becomes longer and peaks decrease
Term
Auditory Brain Stem Latency
Definition
2-10msec
Term
Cerebral Cortex/Auditory Event Latency
Definition
300msec
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