Term
| True or false: though the etiology is still debated, the basic pathogenesis of preeclampsia lies in the mother's inappropriate response to systemic vasopressors |
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Definition
| True, blood pressure typically falls in the 1st and early 2nd trimester due to vasodilation, then increases back to normal by the third trimester, in preeclampsia the initial fall doesn't occur, and BP rises to dangerous levels in the final trimester |
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Term
| True or false: the healthiest option for the mother with preeclampsia is immediate delivery of the baby |
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Definition
| True, but not always good for the fetus, if the preeclampsia occurs after 40 weeks than induction is automatic, 37-40 depends on cervical readiness, cervical ripeners can be used if necessary, <37 weeks bed rest with constant monitoring and antihypertensive therapy with a goal of 160/90 or better |
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Term
| The classic renal lesion of preeclampsia |
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Definition
| Glomeruloendotheliosis, swelling of the endothelium obstructs glomerular capillaries |
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Term
| True or false: Preeclampsia can cause cardiogenic pulmonary edema from reduced cardiac output |
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Definition
| False, increased hydrostatic and decreased intravascular colloid pressure lead to non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema |
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Term
| Describe the proposed etiology of preeclampsia |
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Definition
| Through an immune-mediated or genetic pathway,placental trophoblast invades maternal spiral arteries, which fail to develop properly as they invade the uterine wall, increasing their resistance to flow and thus decreasing blood flow to the placenta and increasing systemic vascular pressure |
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Term
| The three hallmarks of preeclampsia are: |
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Definition
| Hypertension, proteinuria and edema |
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Term
| True or false: Childbirth is the leading cause of hospitalizations in the United States |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: Many common obstetric interventions, like induction, episiotomy etc., lack a substantial evidence base in spite of widespread use |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: The perinatal paradox describes the low cost of obstetric interventions and the high quality of care and outcomes, evidenced by the US' high rankings among the world in perinatal outcomes |
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Definition
| False, the per capita expenditure on perinatal procedures is highest in the US but the US ranks 33rd in maternal mortality and 24th in infant mortality |
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Term
| True or false: informed consent is usually obtained before conducting episiotomies during childbirth |
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Definition
| False, it often occurs without maternal input, 73% of women who had a c-section reported feeling pressure from a health care professional to do so based on a large national study |
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