Term
| what are the 9 ethical principals |
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Definition
beneficence
medical indication
quality of life
veracity
non-malfeasance
petient preferences
autonomy
contextual issues
justice |
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Term
| define beneficence and the relation to medicine |
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Definition
promote good of patient
respect rights ot pt, colleagues, and other health professionals
the welfare of the pt is central to all considerations in the pt physician relationship
duty to promote good of pt |
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Term
| define medical indication as an ethical principal in medicine |
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Definition
what is the best tx
what are the alternatives |
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Term
| define quaility of life as an ethical principal in medicine |
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Definition
| what impact will the proposed tx or lack of it have on the pt life |
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Term
| define veracity, what does it have to do with medicine |
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Definition
honest and truthful
deal honesty with the pt and colleagues |
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Term
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Definition
do no harm
inflict no injury |
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Term
| define autonomy, connect it to medicine |
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Definition
pt right to self-determine
it is the fundamental right to the pt to make their own choices about their health |
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Term
| how do contextual issues relate to medicine |
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Definition
the pt wants vs needs of society
socioeconomic issues dont override medical indications or pt autonomy |
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Term
| how is justice related to medicine |
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Definition
| give pt her due, no discrimination |
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Term
| 7 guidelines for ethical decision making |
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Definition
identify the decision maker
collect data
identify all medically appropirate options
evaluate options using ethical principals involved
identify the ethical conflicts and set priorties
select the option that can best be justified
re-evaluate the decision after it is acted on |
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Term
| on a cellular level how is sex determined |
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Definition
SRY gene on Y chromosone codes TDF protein --> male
WNT4 (wo SRY) on X chromosome --> female |
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Term
| what are the functions of androgens in development |
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Definition
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Term
| how can androgens in development be harmful |
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Definition
| increased androgens in females can cause developmental anomalies (ambigous genitalia) |
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Term
| explain how the GU differentiates from male to female in development |
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Definition
both start with mesonephric (wolffian) and paramesonephric (mullerian) duct systems
mesonephric system dissipears in female |
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Term
| explain how the ductal system can go wrong in development |
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Definition
| incomplete fusion of paramesonephric ducts in female cause mullerian anomalies |
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Term
| what are mullerian anomalies |
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Definition
bicornate uterus
uterine didelphys (two uteris)
no or septate vegina |
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Term
| embryologic origin of labia minora |
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Definition
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Term
| embryologic origin of labia majora |
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Definition
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Term
| embryologic origin of genital tubercle |
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Definition
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Term
| embryologic origin of lower 1/3 vagina |
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Definition
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Term
| embryologic origin of upper 2/3 vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the paraurethral glands |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the labia majora |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the round ligament |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the gartner's duct |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the clitoris |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the skene |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the bartholins |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the labia minora |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the uterus |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the vestibal bulb |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the male homolouge to the granulose |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| shape or characteristic of pelvis |
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Term
| what are the caldwell-moloy classifications of pelvic shape (4) |
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Definition
gynecoid
anthropoid
android
phatypoid |
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Term
| for the caldwell-moloy classifications of pelvic shapes, what are the percent frequency |
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Definition
gynecoid 50
anthropoid 25
android 20
phatypoid 2-5 |
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Term
| for the caldwell-moloy classifications of pelvic shapes describe the shape of each |
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Definition
gynecoid - round
anthropoid - oval long, 6 sacral segments, posterior inclination of sacrum, persistant OP
android - wedge, anterior sacrum
phatypoid - flat oval, persistent transverse |
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Term
| for the caldwell-moloy classifications of pelvic shapes who has each type |
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Definition
gynecoid - not specified
anthropoid - african americans
android- caucasians
phatypoid- asians |
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Term
| for the caldwell-moloy classifications of pelvic shapes, what is the prognosis for birth |
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Definition
gynecoid - good
anthropoid - not specified
android - poor
phatypoid - not specified |
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Term
| what is the most important thing to watch out for in uterine/ovarian surgery, where is it |
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Definition
ureter in relation to uterine artery and broad ligament
water under the bridge: ureter is transverse under uterine artery and travels median to leaf of broad ligament |
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Term
| describe the abd aorta branches from begining to end |
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Definition
ovrain a. comes off abd aorta
aorta splits into common carotids. medial sacral comes off at split
common carotids split into internal and external iliac
internal iliac splits into anterior and posterior
anterior splits into parietal vessels (int pudenda, inf gluteal, obturator) and visceral vessels (umbilical/sup vesicular, uterine/vaginal, mid rectal/inf vesicular)
posterior splits into iliolumbar, lateral sacral, sup gluteal |
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Term
| explain the venous drainage of the ovaries |
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Definition
R ovarian V drains into inferior vena cava
L. ovarian vein drains into L. renal vein then inferior vena cava |
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Term
| explain the path of blood supply to the ovaries |
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Definition
| ovarian artery branches off abd aorta, travels over ureter, supplies ovary, fallopian tube |
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Term
| explain the path of blood supply to the uterus |
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Definition
| aorta > common iliac > internal iliac > anterior > uterine A/vaginal A > uterine A |
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Term
| explain the path of blood supply to the vagina |
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Definition
| aorta > common iliac > internal iliac > anterior > uterine A/vaginal A > vaginal A |
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Term
| describe the cervical os in women who have had and not had a child |
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Definition
round without kids
slit with kids |
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Term
| what is the transformation zone |
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Definition
potion of cervix extending into vagina covered by stratified squamous epithelium
changes to columnar |
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Term
| what is the major blood supply to the vagina |
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Definition
| vaginal artery from the internal illial a (hypogastric) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what are the layers of uterus and their cell types |
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Definition
endometrium- simple columnar
myometrium- smooth muscle
perimetrium- thin connective tissue |
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Term
| what are the 4 positions of the uterus |
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Definition
anteversion- bent forward
retroversion- bent backward
retroflexion- fold backward
anteflexion- fold forward |
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Term
| what are the portion of the fallopian tubes |
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Definition
isthmus: ajoints to uterus
ampulla: central portion
infundibular: fringed portion with finbrae |
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Term
| what is the most common site of ectopic pregnancy |
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Definition
| ampulla of fallopian tube |
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Term
| what is the causes of anomalies of the female reproductive system |
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Definition
defects in embrologic development
ovarian dysgenesis/congenital absense: rare
mullerian/paramesonephric: common |
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Term
| when someone has a mullerian/paramesonephric anomalie what should you be concerned about |
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Definition
| paramesonephric system develops with renal so it could be anormal too |
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Term
| what are the classifications of mullerian anomalies of the uterus |
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Definition
type 1: mullerian angenesis or hypoplasia
type 2: unicournate uterus
type 2: uterus didelphys
type 4: uterus bicournate
type 5: septate uterus
type 6: diethystilbesterol related |
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Term
| what are the type 1 anomalies of the uterus |
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Definition
vaginal
cervical
fundal
tubal
combined |
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Term
| what are the type 2 anomalies of the uterus |
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Definition
communicating- endometrial cavity present
noncommunicating- endometrial cavity present
horn without endometrial cavity
non rudementary horn |
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Term
| what are the type 4 anomalies of the uterus |
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Definition
complete- division down to os
partial
arcuate |
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Term
| what are the type 5 anomalies of the uterus |
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Definition
complete- septum down to os
partial |
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Term
| what are the type 6 anomalies of the uterus |
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Definition
T shaped uterus
T shaped with dilated horns |
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Term
| describe a hypoplasia/agenesis uterus- vaginal |
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Definition
| blunt vaginal end before uterus |
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Term
| describe a hypoplasia/agenesis uterus- cervical |
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Definition
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Term
| describe a hypoplasia/agenesis uterus- fundal |
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Definition
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Term
| describe a hypoplasia/agenesis uterus- tubal |
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Definition
| uterus is just thickened extension of vagina |
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Term
| describe a unicornuate uterus- communicating |
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Definition
| one side of uterus is floppy |
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Term
| describe a unicornuate uterus- noncommunicating |
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Definition
| one side of uterus is floppy and is walled off from the other |
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Term
| describe a unicornuate uterus- no cavity |
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Definition
| one side of uterus is floppy and solid |
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Term
| describe a unicornuate uterus- no horn |
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Definition
| one side of uterus dosent form |
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Term
| describe a didelphus uterus |
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Definition
| two horns of uterus completely seperate but open into one vagina |
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Term
| describe bicournate uterus- complete |
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Definition
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Term
| describe bicournate uterus- partial |
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Definition
| sort of heart shaped uterus |
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Term
| describe septate uterus- complete |
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Definition
| septum from top to bottom of uterus (without heart dipping on top) |
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Term
| describe septate uterus- incomplete |
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Definition
| septum from top to mid uterus (without heart dipping on top) |
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Term
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Definition
small septum on top without heart dipping
walled from the fallopian tubes |
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Term
| describe DES drug related uterus |
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Definition
walled from fallopian tubes
odd shaped walls |
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