Term
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Definition
| Insufficient oxygen and excess carbon dioxide in the blood and tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| Unusable component of hemolyzed (broken down) erythrocytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Acute manifestation of bilirubin toxicity. |
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Term
| brown fat (or brown adipose tissue) |
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Definition
| Highly vascular specialized fat that provides more heat than other fat when metabolized. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid that fills the fetal lungs, expanding the alveoli and promoting lung development. |
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Term
| first period of reactivity |
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Definition
| Period beginning at birth in which newborns are active and alert. It ends when the infant first falls asleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Excessive amount of bilirubin in the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Yellow discoloration of the skin and sclera caused by excess bilirubin in the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic and permanent result of bilirubin toxicity. |
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Term
| neutral thermal environment |
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Definition
| Environment in which body temperature is maintained without an increase in metabolic rate or oxygen use. |
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Term
| nonshivering thermogenesis |
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Definition
| Process of heat production, without shivering, by oxidation of brown fat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormally high number of erythrocytes. |
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Term
| second period of reactivity |
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Definition
| Period of 4 to 6 hours after the first sleep following birth when the newborn may have an elevated pulse rate and respiratory rate and excessive mucus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Combination of lipoproteins produced by the lungs of the mature fetus to reduce surface tension in the alveoli, thereby promoting lung expansion after birth. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Maintenance of body temperature |
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Term
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Definition
| Bluish discoloration of the hands and feet caused by reduced peripheral circulation. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Area of edema over the presenting part of the fetus or newborn resulting from pressure against the cervix; often called simply caput. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bleeding between the periosteum and skull from pressure during birth; does not cross suture lines. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormality of the nasal septum that obstructs one or both nasal passages. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ventral curvature of the penis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Premature closure of the sutures of the infant's head. |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal placement of the urinary meatus on the dorsal side of the penis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Benign rash of unknown cause in newborns, with blotchy red areas that may have white or yellow papules or vesicles in the center. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal placement of the urinary meatus on the ventral side of the penis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fine, soft hair that covers the fetus. |
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Term
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Definition
| White cysts, 1 to 2 mm in size, on the face. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shaping of the fetal head during movement through the birth canal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bruiselike marks that occur mostly in newborns with dark skin tones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Permanent purple birthmark; also called port-wine stain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Flat, pink area on the nape of the neck, on the mid-forehead, or over the eyelids resulting from dilation of the capillaries; also called stork bites, salmon patches, or telangiectatic nevi. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rough, red collection of capillaries with a raised surface that disappears with time; also called strawberry hemangioma. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cessation of breathing lasting 5 to 10 seconds followed by 10 to 15 seconds of rapid respirations without changes in skin color or heart rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Area of the chest in which the heart sounds are loudest when auscultated. |
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Term
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Definition
| More than 10 digits on the hands or feet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vaginal bleeding in the newborn, resulting from withdrawal of placental hormones. |
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Term
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Definition
| A turning inward (“crossing”) or outward of the eyes caused by poor tone in the muscles that control eye movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Webbing between fingers or toes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Respiratory rate greater than 60 breaths per minute in the newborn after the first hour of life. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thick, white substance that protects the skin of the fetus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tightening of the prepuce. |
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Term
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Definition
| Flattening or asymmetry of the back of the head. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mechanism on a radiant warmer or incubator to regulate the amount of heat produced. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breast fluid secreted during pregnancy and the first 7 to 10 days after childbirth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Swelling of the breasts resulting from stasis and distention of the vascular and lymphatic circulations and accumulation of milk as lactation is established. |
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Term
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Definition
| First breast milk received in a feeding. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breast milk received near the end of a feeding; contains higher fat content than foremilk. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attachment of the infant to the breast. |
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Term
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Definition
See milk-ejection reflex.
Release of milk from the alveoli into the ducts; also known as the let-down reflex. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Breast milk that appears after the first 2 weeks of lactation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Release of milk from the alveoli into the ducts; also known as the let-down reflex. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sucking during which little or no milk flow is obtained or sucking on an object such as a pacifier or finger. |
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Term
| nutritive suckling (sucking) |
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Definition
| Steady, rhythmic suckling at the breast or sucking at a bottle to obtain milk. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hormone produced by the posterior pituitary gland that stimulates uterine contractions and the milk-ejection reflex; also prepared synthetically. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anterior pituitary hormone that promotes growth of breast tissue and stimulates production of milk. |
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Term
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Definition
| Giving or taking nourishment from the breast. Sometimes used interchangeably with sucking, which refers only to drawing into the mouth with a partial vacuum, as with a bottle or pacifier. |
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Term
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Definition
| Breast milk that appears between secretion of colostrum and mature milk. |
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