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| An organism that causes disease |
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| the capsule is the bacterium's protective layer which tends to deter infection-fighting agents. |
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| he cell wall holds the contents of the bacterium together, regulates the amount of water that a bacterium can absorb, and holds the cell into one of three basic shapes |
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| spherical, rod-shaped, helical |
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| spherical bacterium are know as |
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| rod-shaped bacterium are known as |
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| helical bacterium are known as |
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| The plasma membrane protects the interior of the cell by sensing the nature of the chemicals in the surroundings and then determining whether or not they can enter the cell. |
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| DNA holds all of the information required to make this mass of chemicals a living entity. |
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| Outside of the cell wall and capsule, many bacteria (but not all) have fibrous bristles used for grasping. |
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| Locomotion (moving the bacterium from one place to another) is accomplished with the |
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| – An organism that feeds on dead matter |
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| – An organism that feeds on a living host |
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| uses the energy from sunlight along with certain chemicals to make food for the autotrophic organism |
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| the bacteria promote chemical reactions which release energy |
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| – An organism that requires oxygen |
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| – An organism that does not require oxygen |
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| asexual reproduction in bacteria |
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| – A state in which members of a population die as quickly as new members are born |
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| – Population growth that is unhindered because of the abundance of resources for an ever-increasing population |
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| – Population growth that is controlled by limited resources |
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| – A temporary union of two organisms for the purpose of DNA transfer |
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| – A small, circular section of extra DNA that confers one or more traits to a bacterium and can be reproduced separately from the main bacterial genetic code |
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| – The transfer of a DNA segment from a nonfunctional donor cell to that of a functional recipient cell |
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| – The process in which infection by a virus results in DNA being transferred from one bacterium to another |
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| – The DNA and other essential parts of a bacterium coated with several hard layers |
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Definition
| bacteria are the ones that look red after the Gram stain, |
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Definition
| bacteria are the ones that look blue following the Gram stain |
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| If a bacterium has a cell wall that doesn't retain the Gram stain (making it Gram-negative), it belongs to |
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Definition
| If a bacterium has a cell wall that retains the Gram stain (making it Gram-positive), the bacterium belongs to |
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Definition
| Some bacteria have no cell walls at all. We put these bacteria into phylum |
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| ome bacteria possess cell walls, but the compounds which form these walls are rather different from the compounds that form the cell walls of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Thus, we give them a separate phylum, called |
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| Phylum Gracilicutes (Gram-negative bacteria) has three classes |
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Definition
Scotobacteria (skoh' toh bak tehr'ee uh), is composed of the non-photosynthetic bacteria
Anoxyphotobacteria (an ox' ee foh' toh bak tehr'ee uh ), is composed of photosynthetic bacteria that do not produce oxygen.
Oxyphotobacteria (ox' ee foh' toh bak tehr'ee uh ), is made up of photosynthetic bacteria that produce oxygen. |
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| In phylum Firmicutes are classified by shape |
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Definition
| class Firmibacteria contains cocci and bacilli bacteria, while class Thallobacteria is made up of any other shape |
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| Phylum Tenericutes has the class |
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Definition
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| phylum Mendosicutes contains the class |
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| Archaebacteria which holds all of the bacteria with exotic cell walls. |
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Definition
| – Organisms from the same species that have markedly different traits |
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| conditions for bacterial growth |
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Definition
| moisture, moderate temperature, nutrition, darkness, proper amount of oxygen. |
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