Term
| Most sensitive method to detect and verify OHC dysfunciton |
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Definition
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Term
OAEs:
-Can it predict hearing loss?
-OAEs can be ___ in ears with abnormal audiogram
-OAEs can be ___ in ears with normal hearing sensitivity |
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Definition
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Term
History:
-Dr. ___ hypothesized about linear and active cochlear processes in the ___
-___ discovered OAEs and published description of 1st OAE recording in ___
-1st paper described OAEs in NBHS (Johnsen, Bagi, and Elberling) in ___
-OAEs used commonly in clinic in the ___ |
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Definition
| Gold; 1940s; Kemp; 1978; 1983; 1990s |
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Term
Clinical Applications of OAEs:
-Diagnose ___ vs ____ dysfunction
-Identify and monitor ___HL and/or ____HL
-Identify ___ patients
-Diagnose and manage individuals with ___ and/or ___
- ___ hearing screening
-Diagnose ___ ___ in children
-Pre-school/school ___ |
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Definition
| cochlear; retro-cochlear; NI; MI; malingering; tinnitus; hyperacusis; Newborn; auditory dysfunction; screenings |
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Term
Anatomy and Physiology of OAEs:
-Outer ear: deliver ___ and record OAEs
-Middle ear: stimuli to ___ and emission to ___ ear
-Cochlea: OAEs reflect ________ integrity (and stria vascularis)
-Efferent auditory system: descends from ___ cortex, through ____, to hair cells and inhibits ___ activity |
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Definition
| stimulus; cochlea; outer ear; OHC; auditory; brainstem; cochlear |
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Term
-OAE measures start and end in __________
-Average adult-=___ mm
-Inserting probe makes ear canal acoustics ___; OAE system monitors stimulus only via ___ in probe |
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Definition
| EAC; 26; unpredictable; mic |
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Term
| -Probe placement can change the ___ that arrives at the TM |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the steps in placing the probe? |
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Definition
| Visually inspect EAC, get a tight secure seal for an acceptable noise floor, consider physiologic noise caused by patient movement, and look at stimulus level while collecting data |
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Term
-___ ME influences OAEs
-More ___ OAEs in newborns and infants than adults
-ME ___ causes absent OAEs |
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Definition
| maturing; robust; dysfunction |
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Term
| What iis the OAE generator site? |
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Definition
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Term
Cochlea:
-OAEs are by-products of ___ processes
-OAEs linked to integrity of _____
-IHCs mediate the final conversion of mechanical energy to ___ signals
-OHCs complete a mechanical function by providing ___ to low-level signals |
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Definition
| active; OHCs; neural; amplification |
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Term
Cochlear Processes and OAEs:
-Passive mechanics are driven by ___ properties of cochlear partition and important to propagate ___ energy to where OAE is generated (and back to ME and OE)
-The electrical system and organ of Corti connects passive mechanics to final ___ processes
-Active processes linked to OAEs, but not entirely ___ |
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Definition
| physical; stimulus; active; understood |
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Term
Possible Site of Cochlear Amplifier:
-___ currents drive the motility of stereociliary bundles
-Voltage-driven somatic motility mediated by ___ |
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Definition
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Term
OAE Advantages:
-Sensitive to ____ function; ___ specific
-Patient response?
-What kind of information does it gather?
-Does it require a sound booth?
-Test time?
-Stationary or portable?
-Cost? |
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Definition
| cochlear (OHC); site; They don't have to respond; Ear specific and frequency specific; no; quick; Portable; fairly inexpensive |
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Term
OAE Limitations:
-Impacted by ___ noise and ____ noise
-Absent OAEs in presence of ________
-Evaluates cochlear integrity for OHCs, not _________
-May be reduced or absent with ____ audiogram
-Not detected with hearing loss > ____ dB HL
-Not a measure of ____ or _______ auditory function
-Not a test of ____ |
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Definition
| ambient; physiologic; ME disorder; IHCs; normal; 40; neural; CNS; hearing |
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Term
| What are the 2 classifications of OAEs? |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ OAEs require no stimulus to produce an OAE |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 types of evoked OAEs? |
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Definition
| Distortion-product (DPOAEs) and transient-evoked (TEOAEs) |
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Term
Spontaneous OAEs:
-____-level sounds recorded in the ear canal without external stimuli
-Prevalence: ____% (old estimate) to ____% (new estimate; due to improved equipment and lower noise floors)
-Thought to reflect activity of ____ amplifier
-___ relevance is not clear
-Not routinely used ___
-Most young adults with ____ hearing have SOAEs
-Characteristics: usually __ or __ SOAEs. Amplitude is ___ to ___ dB SPL |
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Definition
Low; 40; 80; cochlear; Functional; clinically; normal; 3 or 4; -15 to 0
[image] |
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Term
-_____OAEs: stimuli are very short duration clicks (abourt 80 microseconds) used in combinations to cancel out stimulus and leave response; broadband spectrum
-____OAEs: 2 pure tones presented at the same time. Cochlea generates additional tonal signals at frequencies related to stimlulus frequencies |
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Definition
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Term
DPOAEs:
-Stimulus tones at ___ and ___
-Cochlea produces more tones at 2f1-f2, 3f1-2f2, 2f2-f1, 3f2-2f1, f2-f1
-DPOAE at ____ is used most in practice
-Characteristic frequency region of DPOAE at 2f1-f2 is more toward the ___ than the stimulus tones |
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Definition
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Term
Rationale: Monitoring Ototoxicity
-___ drugs effect OHC function; OAE depend on OHC integrity
-Site-specific for ___ auditory dysfunction
-Provide ___-specific information
-Detect ___ dysfunction before it is evident by pure tone audiometry
-Do not depend on patient's ___ response, can be recorded from patients who are ___ to do behavioral tasks, or from ___ or ___ |
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Definition
| Ototoxic; cochlear (sensory); frequency; cochlear; behavioral; unable; infants or children |
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Term
Rationale for using when suspect a functional hearing loss:
-Site specific for ___ auditory dysfunction -In combination with ABR, OAE can distinguish ___ vs ___ auditory disorders |
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Definition
| cochlear (sensory); sensory; neural |
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Term
Rationale: Suspect Functional Hearing Loss
-Do not depend on patient's ___ responses
-Normal OAE often imply normal ___ function
-Provide ___-specific information |
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Definition
| behavioral; sensory; frequency |
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Term
Rationale: Patients with Tinnitus
-Site specific for ___ auditory dysfunction
-Objectively confirm cochlear dysfunction in pts with ___ and ___ audiograms
-Provide frequency specific info which may be associated with the ___ region of the tinnitus |
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Definition
| cochlear (sensory); tinnitus; normal; frequency |
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Term
Rationale: Patients with Noise or Music Exposure
-Excessive ___ levels affects OHC function; OAE depend on OHC integrity
-Site-specific for ___ auditory dysfunction
-Provide early and reliable "___ ___" of cochlear dysfunction, before any problem shows in the audiogram
-Objectively confirm cochlear dysfunction in patients with ___ audiograms
-Associated with cochlear ___ specificity; ___ complaints of auditory dysfunction can be confirmed by OAE findings, even with a normal audiogram |
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Definition
| intensity; cochlear (sensory); warning sign; normal; frequency; musician |
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Term
Rationale-Pediatric Audiology:
-Doesn't depend on patient's ___ response
-Assess ___ function specifically (behavioral audiometry and ABR are dependent also on the status of the CANS)
-___ be recorded from children who are sleeping or sedated
-___ test time
-Provides ___-specific info
-Yields ___-specific info
-Contribute to the "___ principle" |
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Definition
| behavioral; cochlear; Can; Short; frequency; ear; crosscheck |
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Term
OAE Instrumentation:
-Computer that can perform ___ averaging
-___ software
-Probe with 2 ___ and ___. ____ is important. Debris in speaker and/or mic tubes can cause problems
-Signal generator presents ___
-___ records OAE response
-Many different ___ for OAE equipment |
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Definition
| signal; Manufacturer's; speakers; mics; Tubing; stimuli; Mic; options |
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Term
| What kind of equipment does the Keys Clinic use? |
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Definition
| Otodynamics Echoport ILO 292 |
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Term
Which tip is for what kind of test?
[image] |
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Definition
| The blue one is for DP OR TE OAE; the white one is just for TE OAE |
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Term
| Explain 3 purposes of OAE equipment calibration |
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Definition
-guarantees that the desired signal is being presented to the patient's ears
-guarantees that the recorded signal is a reasonable approximation of the physical signal that was present in the ear canal
-Gives us confidence in our test results |
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