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Nutritional Science vocab
chapter 7 (exam 3)
25
Other
Undergraduate 1
11/30/2009

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Term
Phospholipid
Definition
A lipid composed of a glycerol bonded to two fatty acids and polar head group
Term
Polar head group
Definition
Phosphate containing charged chemical structure that is a component of a phospholipid
Term
Amphipathic
Definition
contains both polar and nonpolar portions
Term
Sterol
Definition
lipid w/ distinctive multiring structure
Term
Sterol ester
Definition
chemical compound of a sterol molecule bonded to a fatty acid
Term
Cholesterol
Definition
sterol found in animal foods and made in body, synthesizes bile acid and steroid synthesis
Term
Lingual Lipase
Definition
cleaves some fatty acids from glycerol molecules (digestion of triglycerides)
Term
Gastric lipase
Definition
gastrin circulates in blood releasing gastric lipase that continues to cleave fatty acids from glycerol
Term
Pancreatic lipase
Definition
breaks down fatty acids more, from pancreas
Term
Gastrin
Definition
hormone stimulates secretion of gatric juice
Term
Secretin
Definition
polypeptide that signals pancreas to release pancreaticjuice
Term
CCK
Definition
Term
Bile
Definition
secreted by liver that helps absorption and digestion esp. of fats
Term
Gallbladder
Definition
bile is stored in here and releases into small intestine
Term
Emulsification
Definition
large lipid globules broken down and stabilized into smaller lipid droplets
Term
Micelle
Definition
water soluble sphere structure formed in the small intestine via emulsification
Term
Surface area
Definition
Term
Lymph
Definition
Term
Chylomicron
Definition
lipoprotein made, in the enterocyte and transports large lipids away from the small intestine in the lymph
Term
VLDL
Definition
lipoprotein made by the liver that contains a large amount of triglycerides, delivers fatty acids to cells
Term
IDL
Definition
lipoprotein from the loss of fatty acids from vldl, later converted to ldl
Term
LDL
Definition
lipoprotein that delivers cholesterol to cells
Term
HDL
Definition
lipoprotein made by liver that circulates in blood to collect excess cholesterol
Term
Lipoprotein
Definition
circle like particle mad of triglycerides, cholesterol, cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, and proteins
Term
Reverse cholesterol transport
Definition
process by which HDLs remove nonliver tissue back to the liver
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